アメリカ合衆国以外で生まれた人のHIV感染,2007年~2010年
Adria Tassy Prosser1, Tian Tang, H Irene Hall
1Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. ahp8@cdc.gov
JAMA
|July 24, 2012
まとめ
ある研究では,2007年から2010年の間に米国で新たに診断されたヒト免疫不全ウイルス (HIV) の16.2%が,外国生まれの個人であったことが判明しました. これらの個人は,米国生まれのHIV感染者と比較して,異なる人口統計とリスク因子プロファイルを示しました.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
背景:
- 外国生まれの個人は,米国の人口の有意な部分を構成しています.
- 外国生まれの人の医療アクセス上の課題は,ヒト免疫不全ウイルス (HIV) のアウトカムに影響を与える可能性があります.
- この集団におけるHIVの流行病学を理解することは,標的を絞った介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国で診断された外国生まれおよび米国生まれの個人の間でHIVの流行病学を調査する.
- この2つのグループ間の人口統計的特徴と伝播リスク要因を比較する.
主な方法:
- 2007年から2010年までの46の州と5つの米国領土におけるHIV診断の分析.
- 国民HIV監視システムから得られた人口統計データとHIV感染リスク要因の含有.
- 外国生まれの定義は,入籍市民を含む,米国領土の外で生まれた個人である.
主要な成果:
- 191,697人のHIV診断の16.2%は,外国生まれの個人でした.
- 外国生まれのHIV感染者の主要な出生地域には,中米 (41.0%),カリブ海 (21.5%),アフリカ (14.5%) が含まれる.
- 外国生まれのHIV感染者は,ヒスパニック系 (42.2%) やアジア系 (64.3%),ヘテロセクシュアル感染率が高かった (39.4%対27.2%) で不釣り合いでした.
結論:
- 外国生まれの個人は,研究期間中に新たに診断されたHIV患者の16.2%を占めた.
- HIVと診断された外国生まれと米国生まれの人の間には,流行病学的特徴の有意な違いがあります.
- 調査結果は,外国生まれの住民に合わせた公衆衛生戦略の必要性を強調しています.
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