野生の冬眠器の気候変化に関連した遅れた現象学と健康状態の低下
Jeffrey E Lane1, Loeske E B Kruuk, Anne Charmantier
1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. u.columbianus@hotmail.com
Nature
|August 11, 2012
まとめ
気候変動は,コロンビアの地殻リスの冬眠の出現を遅らせている. この遅れた出現は,後の雪の融解によって引き起こされ,彼らの健康状態と人口増加に悪影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 気候変動 生物学
- マンモロジーは,哺乳類学です.
背景:
- 気候変動の生態学的影響は,しばしば現象学的変化として現れ,より暖かい春が生物学的出来事を前進させる.
- 鳥類の現象はよく研究されているが,哺乳類の冬眠のような季節的適応はあまり理解されていない.
- 哺乳類の冬眠は,気候によって引き起こされる環境変化に潜在的に脆弱な重要な適応です.
研究 の 目的:
- 気候変化が,野生のコロンビアの地殻リス集団の冬眠現象に及ぼす影響を調査する.
- 冬眠の発生タイミング,気象条件,個人の健康状態との関係を決定する.
- 人口の生存可能性に対するフェノロジカルシフトの長期的な影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- カナダのアルバータ州にある野生のコロンビア地殻リスの集団を20年間長期にわたって追跡した.
- 大人の雌の冬眠の発生時期の分析は,春の気温と雪の融解のタイミングを含む地元の気候変数に関連しています.
- 出現のタイミングと個人の健康と人口増加率の相関関係.
主要な成果:
- 冬眠の出現が遅れた (0.47日/年) の有意な傾向は,雌のコロンビア地松鼠で観察されました.
- 遅れた出現はプラスチックのもので,春の気温が低く,雪が溶けた後の年に発生し,シーズン後半の雪嵐の増加の影響を受けた.
- 発症が遅れた年は,個人の健康状態の低下と20年以上にわたる人口増加率の低下と関連していた.
結論:
- 気候変動に対する現象学的反応は,温度上昇以外の要因によって引き起こされることがあります. 例えば,雪融解のダイナミクスの変化などです.
- 冬眠のタイミングにおけるプラスチック反応は,個人の健康状態と人口の生存可能性に重大な悪影響を及ぼす可能性があります.
- 哺乳類の冬眠は,気候変動の影響の敏感な指標であり,鳥類のシステムを超えたより広範な研究の必要性を強調しています.
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