転写因子の足跡でコード化された広大な人間の規制辞書
Shane Neph1, Jeff Vierstra, Andrew B Stergachis
1Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Nature
|September 8, 2012
まとめ
この研究は,ヒトゲノム内の広大で保存された規制コードを明らかにし,何百万もの転写因子結合部位を発見しました. これらのDNAの足跡は,遺伝子調節とその進化の印の理解を大幅に拡張します.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオインフォマティックス
背景:
- DNAに結合する規制因子は,フットプリントとして知られる保護された領域を作り出します.
- これらの足跡を理解することは,遺伝子調節を解読する上で極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 異なったヒト細胞タイプにおける転写因子の占有率をマッピングする.
- 規制語彙とその進化的保存を特徴づける.
- 新規の規制モチーフとその機能的意義を特定する.
主な方法:
- ゲノムDNase Iは,41種類の細胞と組織に足跡を残しています.
- 転写因子占有率と配列要素の分析.
- 進化の保存とタンパク質-DNAインタフェースデータとの比較.
主要な成果:
- 4500万の転写因子占有イベントを検出し,840万の異なる配列要素を特定しました.
- サイズをほぼ2倍にすることで,人間のcis-regulatory 辞書を拡張しました.
- 遺伝子変異とDNAメチル化パターンが,規制足跡と関連していることがわかりました.
- 特定された保存された規制モチーフと,トランスクリプト開始場所を定義する特定の足跡.
結論:
- 人間のゲノムには,転写因子構造によって刻印された広範囲で保存された規制コードが含まれています.
- 規制の足跡は,遺伝子調節,進化,病気を理解する鍵です.
- 新しいモチーフと細胞選択的占有パターンは,発達と分化についての洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Cis-regulatory Sequences
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Cis-regulatory Sequences
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...


