人間の細胞における転写の風景
Sarah Djebali1, Carrie A Davis, Angelika Merkel
1Centre for Genomic Regulation and UPF, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain.
Nature
|September 8, 2012
まとめ
研究者らは,ヒトRNAの包括的なカタログを作成し,ゲノムの大半が転写されていることを明らかにしました. このRNAカタログは,細胞の調節に関する新しい洞察を提供し,遺伝子概念の再定義を促します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- ユカリオット細胞は,遺伝子発現に不可欠な多様なRNAを生成します.
- 細胞のRNAとその位置に関する包括的なカタログは存在しない.
- RNAの理解は,ゲノムの機能と調節を解読するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトRNAの包括的なカタログを作成する.
- RNAの発現,局所化,処理,および改変を特徴付けるために.
- 新しいRNAの発見に基づいて遺伝子の概念を再定義する.
主な方法:
- ヒトゲノムの大規模トランスクリプトミクス分析.
- 既知のRNAと,以前に注釈されていないRNAの両方の識別と注釈.
- RNA発現レベル,サブセルラー局所化,および処理経路の特徴化.
主要な成果:
- ヒトゲノムの4分の3が転写されているという証拠があります.
- 多くのRNAの発現,局所化,および改変に関する詳細な観察.
- これまで注釈されていない何千ものRNAが特定され,特徴づけられました.
結論:
- この研究は,人間のRNAsのほぼ完全なカタログを提供します.
- この発見は,伝統的な定義に異議を唱え,遺伝子の概念を広げています.
- この研究は,ゲノム機能と細胞の調節を理解するための基礎です.
関連する概念動画
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area.
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
DNA Packaging
Overview
Transcription
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
General Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...


