老化と衰弱する人間の心臓における心筋形成

Jan Kajstura¹, Marcello Rota, Donato Cappetta

¹Department of Anesthesia, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. jkajstura@partners.org

Circulation

|September 8, 2012

まとめ

大人の人の心臓は,生涯を通じて,心筋細胞を含む細胞を継続的に更新します. 正常な老化と心不全において重要なこのダイナミックな細胞回転は,心臓を強調しています.

科学分野:

心血管生物学心血管生物学
細胞生物学細胞生物学
再生医学は,再生医療である.

背景:

心臓の成長について,静的 (出生時に存在する細胞) とダイナミック (肌細胞再生) との対立的な見解があります.
心筋細胞の循環を理解することは,心臓の健康と疾患の研究に不可欠です.

研究の目的:

人間の心臓における心筋細胞,血管内皮細胞 (ECs),および線維芽細胞の周回率を定量化するために.
年齢や慢性心不全において,細胞周回量の変化を調査する.

主な方法:

遡及的14C誕生年代測定技術は,正常な心臓と衰弱した心臓の細胞に適用されます.
2歳から78歳までの個体における細胞年齢と転移率の分析.

主要な成果:

人間の心臓は,心室筋細胞,EC細胞,および線維芽細胞の重要な生理学的および病理学的転移を示しています.
細胞再生は幼児期に最も高く,成熟期に減少し,成人期に一定であり,年齢とともに増加します.
大人の心臓は,20歳から78歳までの間,ミオサイト,EC,および線維芽細胞の区間をそれぞれ約8,6,8回置き換えます.
慢性心不全はさらに細胞再生を促進します.

結論:

大人の人の心臓は,心不全でも,驚くべき可塑性を持つダイナミックな臓器です.
継続的な細胞再生にもかかわらず,心臓の再生能力は,老化を完全に防止したり,重度の心筋病変を逆転させたりすることはできません.

さらに関連する動画

08:03

Simultaneous Assessment of Cardiomyocyte DNA Synthesis and Ploidy: A Method to Assist Quantification of Cardiomyocyte Regeneration and Turnover

Published on: May 23, 2016

11.2K

11:53

Simultaneous Isolation and Culture of Atrial Myocytes, Ventricular Myocytes, and Non-Myocytes from an Adult Mouse Heart

Published on: June 14, 2020

9.0K

関連する概念動画

01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

4.8K

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...

4.8K

01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

3.3K

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...

3.3K

01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

1.7K

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...

1.7K

01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

1.9K

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...

1.9K

01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

790

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

790

01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

805

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

805

関連する実験動画