普遍的な健康保険への移行の政治的,経済的側面
William D Savedoff1, David de Ferranti, Amy L Smith
1Center for Global Development, Washington, DC 20036, USA. wsavedoff @cgdev.org
Lancet (London, England)
|September 11, 2012
まとめ
普遍的な健康保険の実現には,政治的意志,医療費の増加,そしてより大きな共同資金調達が必要です. これらの3つの要素は,すべての市民の医療へのアクセスと公平性を拡大する鍵です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
- 保健政策 保健政策 保健政策
背景:
- 普遍的な健康保険 (UHC) は,世界の健康上の優先事項である.
- 各国はUHCを達成するためにさまざまな戦略を採用しています.
- 共通の経路を理解することは,政策策定において極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- UHCを達成した国々の共通のパターンを特定する.
- UHCにおける経済,人口,技術,政治,金融要因の相互作用を分析する.
- 医療へのアクセス拡大と公平性を高めるための戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 成功したUHC軌道における共通の特徴の分析.
- 政治プロセスと社会力の役割の検討.
- 収入の成長,医療支出,および資金メカニズムの影響の評価.
主要な成果:
- 成功したUHCには,アクセスを拡大し,リスクを共有する政治的行動が含まれます.
- 経済成長と医療費の増加は一貫して観察されています.
- 医療費の総支出の比率が高く,自費ではなく,UHCには不可欠です.
結論:
- 税金や義務保険による医療費の統合は,UHCの必要条件です.
- 政治的意志,経済発展,金融改革の収束がUHCを推進しています.
- 様々な国の経験から得た教訓は,将来のUHCの取り組みを導くことができます.
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