FTO遺伝子型は,ボディマス指数のフェノタイプの変動と関連しています
Jian Yang1, Ruth J F Loos, Joseph E Powell
1University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
Nature
|September 18, 2012
まとめ
遺伝的変異は現象型変異に影響する. ある研究では,FTO遺伝子のSNP rs7202116が,ヒトの平均BMIだけでなく,ボディマス指数 (BMI) の変動にも影響を及ぼすことが判明しました.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 人間の生理学 人間生理学
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 複雑な特徴のフェノタイプ的変異は遺伝的に制御されるので,変異は遺伝子型に依存することがあります.
- この遺伝的コントロールを理解することは,進化生物学,農業,医学において極めて重要です.
- しかし,複雑な特徴の多様性 (平均ではなく) と関連した特定の遺伝的変異は特定されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトの複雑な特徴におけるフェノタイプの変化に関連した遺伝的変異を特定する.
- 体質指数 (BMI) のフェノタイプの変動性とのFTO遺伝子ロクスの関連性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS) のメタ解析は,約17万件のヒトサンプルを用いて行われました.
- 身長とBMIのフェノタイプの変化を分析した.
- FTO遺伝子のロカスにおける単一核酸多形態化 (SNP) rs7202116は,BMIの変動との関連性について特に調査されました.
主要な成果:
- FTO遺伝子ローカスにおけるSNP rs7202116は,BMIのフェノタイプの変動と有意に関連していました.
- この関連性は,平均BMIに対するrs7202116の既知の影響とは無関係であった.
- 他の場所でのBMIや身長については,たとえサンプルサイズが大きい場合でも,フェノタイプの変動性との他の有意な関連は見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- フェノタイプの多様性に関連した遺伝的変異を特定することができます.
- FTO遺伝子の位置は,肥満で観察された人間の変動に寄与する.
- これらの発見は,フェノタイプの変異に対する遺伝的影響が,複雑な特性の一般的な変異種の中で特異的で広く広がっていないことを示唆しています.
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