塩沼の炭素蓄積が気候変動に反応する
Matthew L Kirwan1, Simon M Mudd
1Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 400123, Charlottesville, Virginia 24151, USA. mlk4n@virginia.edu
Nature
|September 29, 2012
まとめ
沿岸の湿地は,海洋の炭素埋葬に不可欠です. 気候変動は当初,これらの生態系における炭素蓄積を増加させるかもしれないが,この影響は時間とともに減少すると予測されている.
科学分野:
- 沿岸生態学 沿岸生態学
- ジオモルフォロジー地形学
- 気候科学 気候科学
背景:
- 浅瀬の生態系,特に塩沼は,海洋の炭素埋葬に不可欠ですが,気候変動への対応は依然として十分に理解されていません.
- 既存の研究は,主に陸上と深海の炭素プールに焦点を当て,沿岸の炭素蓄積の複雑なダイナミクスを無視しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 潮間湿地における炭素蓄積率に対する気候変動の影響を調査する.
- 沿岸の炭素貯蔵を決定する際に鉱物沈殿物の堆積と有機物質の蓄積の相互作用をモデリングする.
主な方法:
- 塩沼の進化に関する数値モデルの開発.
- 生産性と分解率に関するデータの統合.
- 温暖化と海面上昇を含む気候変動の影響のシミュレーション.
主要な成果:
- 鉱物堆積物と有機物の間の競争は,純炭素蓄積の鍵です.
- 海面上昇は,直接的な温暖化よりも,炭素蓄積に大きな影響を与えます.
- 温暖化による炭素蓄積への影響は,海面上昇率が高くなるにつれて強まります.
結論:
- 気候変動は,21世紀半ばまで,沿岸の湿地に炭素埋葬率を増やすと予測されています.
- 炭素と気候の相互作用による肯定的なフィードバックは,時間の経過とともに減少すると予想されます.
- これらのダイナミクスを理解することは,沿岸の生態系からの将来の気候フィードバックを予測するために不可欠です.
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