Foxp3は,T細胞系統の規制仕様のための既存の強化器の環境を利用しています
Robert M Samstein1, Aaron Arvey, Steven Z Josefowicz
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Cell
|October 2, 2012
まとめ
調節性T (Treg) 細胞は,免疫ホメオスタシスのためにFoxp3に依存しています. Foxp3は,分化中にTreg細胞の機能を定義するために,新しいものを作るのではなく,主に既存の強化剤を使用します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 調節性T細胞 (Treg) は,免疫ホメオスタシスの維持に不可欠です.
- 転写因子Foxp3はTreg細胞のアイデンティティと機能を決定する.
- Foxp3がTreg特異遺伝子発現を確立するメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- Foxp3がクロマチンの風景を積極的に変化させるか,またはTreg系統の仕様のために既存の強化剤を利用するかどうかを調査する.
- 増強剤にFoxp3結合がTreg細胞の分化にどのように貢献するかを理解する.
主な方法:
- TregおよびFoxp3-陰性T細胞におけるクロマチンのアクセシビリティ分析.
- Foxp3-bound増強剤の識別と,コファクターによるそれらの占有.
- T細胞の活性化と分化中のエンハンサーアクセシビリティのダイナミクスの分析.
主要な成果:
- Foxp3は,前駆体細胞のコファクターによって既にアクセスし,占有されている強化剤に主に結合します.
- ほとんどのFoxp3-bound Treg細胞増強剤は,Foxp3発現前にT細胞受容体活性化によって利用可能になる.
- 増強剤の小さなサブセットは,特異的にTreg細胞特異であり,重要な機能的な遺伝子と関連しています.
結論:
- Foxp3は,Treg細胞の特異化のための既存の強化器ネットワークを大きく利用することによって"機会主義的に"機能します.
- Foxp3は新しいエンハンスナー・ランドスケープを確立するのではなく,遅い段階の差別化中に既存のものを利用します.
- このメカニズムは,トランスクリプション要因が,ダイナミッククロマチンのアクセシビリティを活用することによって,細胞のアイデンティティをどのように定義できるかを強調しています.
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