査読者は誰で,どれくらいの査読をしているのか
1Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
JAMA
|March 9, 1990
まとめ
アメリカン・ジャーナル・オブ・パブリック・ヘルス (American Journal of Public Health) のレビュー担当者は,見直しごとに平均2.4時間の時間を費やして,有意な無償労働を寄与しています. この研究は,学術的なピアレビューに伴うかなりの作業量とボランティアの努力を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- ビビロメトリクス (Bibliometrics) とは
- 学術コミュニケーション
背景:
- ピアレビューは学術出版の基本であり,研究の質を保証します.
- 作業量と審査員の貢献の性質は,完全に定量化されていません.
- 査読者の努力を理解することは,ジャーナルの持続可能性と研究者の認識にとって不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- アメリカン・ジャーナル・オブ・パブリック・ヘルス (American Journal of Public Health) のピアレビュー担当者の作業量と特徴を評価する.
- 学術雑誌に寄稿された無報酬労働を定量化するために.
主な方法:
- アメリカン・ジャーナル・オブ・パブリック・ヘルス (American Journal of Public Health) のレビュー者276人を対象に1988年末に調査が行われました.
- 96%の回答率を達成し,審査員活動に関する堅実なデータを提供しました.
- 回答者は,レビューされたジャーナル,費やされた時間,およびその出版/引用メトリックについて報告しました.
主要な成果:
- 査読者は1987年にAmerican Journal of Public Healthに約3360時間,全体で6439時間貢献したと推定されています.
- レビューの平均時間は2.7時間,重量平均はレビューあたり2.4時間でした.
- 査読者は,インパクトの高いジャーナルに頻繁に貢献しており,他のジャーナルの81%は,サイエンス・シテーション・インデックスまたはソーシャル・サイエンス・シテーション・インデックスによってインデックスされています.
結論:
- 査読者は,学術誌の機能に不可欠な,実質的な無償労働力を提供しています.
- この発見は,学術出版を支える重要なボランティアの努力を強調しています.
- ピアレビュー担当者のためのインセンティブとサポートメカニズムについて,さらなる研究が進められるでしょう.
関連する概念動画
Proofreading
Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...
Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments
Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test
When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
Quality Control
Quality control is one of the three cyclical quality assurance activities that help keep a system under statistical control. Typical quality control activities include creating quality control charts, conducting proficiency testing, and documenting and archiving results.
Quality control helps track data, visualize trends, and identify variations, making it easier to detect deviations that may affect the accuracy of an analysis. One way to do this is by generating a quality control chart, which...
Quality control helps track data, visualize trends, and identify variations, making it easier to detect deviations that may affect the accuracy of an analysis. One way to do this is by generating a quality control chart, which...
Data Validation
Method validation is a crucial process in analytical chemistry designed to confirm that a given method consistently produces reliable and high-quality results. This process is essential when a method is applied to different sample matrices or when procedural modifications are made, ensuring that the results meet acceptable standards across various applications.
Key parameters for method validation include:
Key parameters for method validation include:


