アメリカとイギリスにおける医療改革:有用な学習の場

David Blumenthal¹, Jennifer Dixon

¹Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)

|October 16, 2012

まとめ

異なる文脈にもかかわらず,アメリカとイギリスは,お互いの医療改革から学ぶことができる. 相互学習の重要な分野には,効率と質の向上のために資金調達,組織化,情報技術の採用が含まれます.

科学分野:

保健政策保健政策
比較医療制度について
ヘルスケア・マネジメント・ヘルスケア・マネジメント

背景:

最近,米国とイギリスで医療改革法案が可決されました.
2つの国の歴史的背景と医療制度の大きな違い.
異なる医療環境にもかかわらず,相互学習の可能性.

研究の目的:

米国とイギリスの医療改革における相互学習の鍵となる分野を特定する.
資金調達,組織,情報技術における知識交換の機会を探求する.
国境を越えた比較を通じて医療の質と効率を改善するための洞察を提供すること.

主な方法:

米国とイギリスの医療改革イニシアチブの比較分析.
医療の資金調達,組織,ITの新興傾向を特定する.
新しい支払いメカニズムと組織構造の検討.

主要な成果:

米国は,新しい支払いメカニズム (バンドル支払い,業績報酬,価値ベースの購入) と国家審査機関を開発しています.
イギリスでは,品質評価のための電子医療記録 (EHR) の採用が急速に進んでいます.
両国は,共有学習の可能性のある新しい組織構造 (説明責任のあるケア組織,臨床委託グループ) を確立しています.

結論:

相互学習は実現可能であり,米国とイギリスの医療改革に有益である.
決済改革,IT導入 (EHRs),組織開発などに特別の教訓がある.
共同学習は,各国における医療の質と効率の向上を促すことができる.

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