アウストラロピテコス・アファレンシス (Australopithecus afarensis) のスケープラー・オントジェニー,機能,そして人間の進化における登山の役割
David J Green1, Zeresenay Alemseged
1Department of Anatomy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA. dgreen1@midwestern.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 1, 2012
まとめ
アウストラロピテクス・アファレンシス (Australopithecus afarensis) の化石のは,類人猿のような発達と初期のホミニン類の登山行動を示唆している. これらの発見は,霊長類の運動を理解する上で肩葉の形態学の重要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 古人類学は,古人類学である.
- 霊長類の解剖学について
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 骨の形態は,霊長類における運動運動適応の重要な指標である.
- ホミニンの化石の肩骨は稀で,初期のホミニンの肩の解剖学と機能についての理解を制限しています.
- ディキカの幼生オストラロピテクス・アファレンシスの骨格は,例外的に保存された骨を提供している.
研究 の 目的:
- アウストラロピテクス・アファレンシス (Australopithecus afarensis) のスカプラー形状を分析するために.
- A. afarensis. の発達パターンと運動運動の行動を推論する.
- A. afarensisのスカプーラ状の特徴を,現存する類人猿やヒトの特徴と比較するために.
主な方法:
- A. afarensisの若者と大人の化石のスカプーラ状の特徴の比較分析.
- 化石のスカプーラモルフォロジーの比較と,アフリカの類人猿とヒトのオントジェネティックデータ.
- 足首の特徴の機能的解釈は,運動運動の行動と関連しています.
主要な成果:
- A. afarensis scapulaeは,サスペンサー類人猿の特徴を示し,若年および成人の標本の両方に存在します.
- 青春期から成人期までのこれらの特徴の安定性は,類人猿のような発達パターンを示唆しています.
- A. afarensisの特殊なスカプーラ状の特徴は,アフリカ類人猿の登山行動に関連する特徴と一致しています.
結論:
- アウストラロピテコス・アファレンシスは,類人猿のような発達軌道をたどっていた可能性が高い.
- スカプラー骨の証拠は,かなりの樹木登りを含む運動運動のレパートリーを強く支持しています.
- 骨の形態学は,初期のヒト類の機能的解剖学と進化史に関する重要な洞察を提供します.
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