心血管学会議の要約を出版物に変換する
Emil L Fosbøl1, Philip L Fosbøl, Robert A Harrington
1Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC 27705, USA. emil.fosbol@duke.edu
Circulation
|November 6, 2012
まとめ
心血管学会議の摘要の半分未満が5年以内に出版されています. 科学的発見の臨床実務への翻訳を改善し,より迅速な知識の普及を図るための努力が必要です.
科学分野:
- 心血管科学 心血管科学
- 医学研究普及 医学研究普及
背景:
- 科学的発見を臨床実践に移すのは,しばしば遅い.
- 主要な心血管学会議の摘要の出版率と時効性を理解することは,知識の翻訳に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 主要な心臓血管学会議で発表された科学的要約の出版率,タイミング,および相関値を体系的に評価する.
- アメリカ心臓協会 (AHA),アメリカ心臓学会 (ACC),欧州心臓学会 (ESC) の会合の出版結果を比較する.
主な方法:
- 自動化されたアルゴリズムはISI Web of Scienceで,AHA,ACC,ESCの科学セッション (2006-2008) で発表された概要の出版物を検索しました.
- 出版率とジャーナルインパクトファクターは,多変数ロジスティック回帰を用いて比較された.
- 抽象的な特徴と原産国については,分析で調整された.
主要な成果:
- 全体として,概要の30.6%が2年以内に出版され,5年以内に49.7% (AHA),42.6% (ACC),37.6% (ESC) に上昇しました.
- AHAの会議の要約は,調整後のACCとESCと比較して,出版の可能性が高いことを示しました.
- 基礎科学の概要は,臨床や人口科学の概要よりも高い出版率を示した.
結論:
- 概要の約3分の1しか2年以内に出版され,5年以内に半分未満です.
- 主要な心臓血管学会議の出版率には大きな格差がある.
- 障壁を克服し,科学的発見の臨床実践への普及を加速するために,さらなる研究と介入が必要である.
関連する概念動画
01:34Crossing Over
Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:03Anatomy of the Circulatory System
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01:27Anatomy of the Heart
The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
01:13The Cardiac Cycle
The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
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The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and empty blood into the...
01:29Blood Flow
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.