断層修復は,実験室での実験や自然断層での高周波地震を促進します
Gregory C McLaskey1, Amanda M Thomas, Steven D Glaser
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. gmclaskey@usgs.gov
Nature
|November 7, 2012
まとめ
断層は時間とともに治り,地震の性質に影響を与えます. 加速したヒーリングは,破裂時により高い周波数の地震放射線を生成し,地震のスペクトル特性に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- * 固体地球の地球物理学と地震学.
- * 断層力学と地震発生の調査.
背景:
- * 断層は静止接触時に強化または治癒し,地震発生に潜在的に重要なプロセスです.
- * 研究室での研究によると,治癒には,熱で活性化されたメカニズムが,断層表面に微小な接触を溶接することを含みます.
- * 実験室での治癒測定と観測可能な地震特性との関連は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- * 断層治癒時間と地震のスペクトル特性との関係を調査する.
- * 断層修復に関する実験室での発見を,自然地震の地震学的観測と結びつける.
主な方法:
- * 制御された条件下で故障修復をシミュレートする実験室での実験.
- * 実験室での実験による地震スペクトルの性質の分析.
- *自然断層で繰り返される地震の配列を調査し,スペクトルを再発時間と相関させる.
主要な成果:
- * 実験室での実験では,故障の修復が増加すると,破裂時に高周波地震放射線の生産が不釣り合いに高いことが示されています.
- *地震スペクトルと再発間隔の間の類似の相関は,自然断層の地震を繰り返すのに観察されました.
- * 治癒速度は,圧力,温度,鉱物学によって影響を受けます.
結論:
- * 断層補正は,地震中の高周波地震放射線の含有量に大きな影響を与えます.
- *この研究は,故障治癒,地震スペクトル,再発時間との関係を確立しています.
- *この発見は,地震放射線の位置と,大規模な巨大地震のスリップ位置の不一致を説明するのに役立つかもしれない.
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