ベイトマン自然:子孫への捕食は,性的な選択の可能性を低下させる

John Byers¹, Stacey Dunn

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3051, USA. jbyers@uidaho.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 10, 2012

まとめ

ベイトマン傾きは,男性配偶者と子孫を結びつけることで性選択を定量化します. プロンホーンでは,この関係が保たれていましたが,捕食などの環境要因は,毎年その強さを大幅に変化させました.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
行動生態学は,行動生態学である.

背景:

性選択は配偶者の競争を促し,子孫の数に影響を与えます.
ベイトマン傾きは,雄の交尾の成功と生殖能力との関係を定量化します.
性二型化は,しばしば強い性選択の結果であり,バテマン斜率で推定される.

研究の目的:

10年以上に渡って,プロンホーン (Antilocapra americana) のベイトマンとの関係性を調査するために.
男性の交配の成功に対するランダムな効果と環境要因の影響を評価する.
環境の影響が性選択の可能性を制限する程度を判断する.

主な方法:

プロンホーンの交配と繁殖の成功に関する10年間のデータセットの分析.
研究年におけるバテマン斜率の統計的評価.
環境変数,特に捕食性の評価は,雄の交尾の成功に左右されます.

主要な成果:

プラスのベイトマン傾きは,プロンホーンで一貫して観察されました.
ランダムな効果が雄の交尾の成功を歪めたという証拠はない.
バテマン斜面の年次変動は,ヒョウの捕食率と関連していた.

結論:

ベイトマン関係は,プロンホーンにおける性選択の可能性の有効な予測指標である.
捕食などの環境要因は,性選択の強さを大幅に調節することができます.
外的な影響は,性選択のダイナミクスを形成する上で重要な役割を果たします.

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