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Updated: May 17, 2026

10:03
Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
Published on: November 5, 2019
世界中でバクテリア性髄膜炎に対するワクチンの効果
Peter B McIntyre1, Katherine L O'Brien, Brian Greenwood
1National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. peter.mcintyre@health.nsw.gov.au
Lancet (London, England)
|November 13, 2012
まとめ
タンパク質-ポリサカリド結合ワクチンは,ヘモフィルス・インフルーエンス (Haemophilus influenzae meningitis) をほぼ排除しています. 肺炎球菌および髄膜球菌性髄膜炎の減少は,特に低所得国では,より明確ではありません.
科学分野:
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- ワクチン学 ワクチン学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 細菌性髄膜炎は主にHaemophilus influenzae,Streptococcus pneumoniae,およびNeisseria meningitidisによって引き起こされる.
- ワクチンの影響の評価は,H. influenzaeの場合は,支配的な血清型と年齢層により,高所得国からの信頼できるデータにより,最も簡単です.
- 肺炎球菌および髄膜球菌性髄膜炎は,複数の血清型,年齢分布の多様性,流行病,および,特に低所得者層での,限られた監視により,発生率の測定に課題をもたらす.
研究 の 目的:
- 主要な細菌性髄膜炎の病原体に対するタンパク質-ポリサッカリド結合ワクチンの有効性と影響を評価する.
- 多様な病原体に対するワクチン有効性の測定における課題と,多様なグローバルな環境における課題を強調する.
主な方法:
- バクテリア性髄膜炎の発生率に関する疫学的データと監視報告のレビュー ワクチン導入前と後の.
- H. influenzae,S. pneumoniae,およびN. meningitidisに焦点を当てたワクチンの有効性に関する研究の分析.
主要な成果:
- ワクチン接種後,H. influenzae 髄膜炎のほぼ排除が観察されています.
- 肺炎球菌性髄膜炎のワクチンの血清型が90%以上減少した一方で,低所得国のデータは限られており,全年齢の髄膜炎の発生率は約25%減少した.
- 血清群C型髄膜炎は,いくつかの高所得国でほぼ排除されており,アフリカ髄膜炎帯における新たな血清群A型ワクチンの潜在的な成功を示唆しています.
結論:
- タンパク質-ポリサカリド結合ワクチンは,H. influenzae 髄膜炎を減少させるのに有意な成功を示しています.
- 肺炎球菌と髄膜球菌ワクチンの影響を完全に評価するために,特に資源の限られた地域では,さらなる研究と改善された監視が必要である.
- 髄膜炎球菌の血清群Cワクチンの成功は,流行地域における血清群Aを含む他の血清群の制御に希望を示しています.
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