特殊な機械によって誘発されるRNAiは,発達遺伝子とレトロトランポゾンを静止させます
Soichiro Yamanaka1, Sameet Mehta, Francisca E Reyes-Turcu
1Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nature
|November 16, 2012
まとめ
RNA干渉 (RNAi) は,小さな干渉RNA (siRNA) を生成し,ヘテロクロマチンを促進することによって,分裂酵母における遺伝子とレトロトランポゾンを静止させます. このプロセスは,エクソソームRNAの分解機構と環境信号と関連しています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
背景:
- RNA干渉 (RNAi) は,小さな干渉RNA (siRNAs) を利用した保存された遺伝子静止機構である.
- RNAiは,繰り返しDNAを標的とし,ヘテロクロマチン組成を促進することが知られている.
- RNAiの機能の全範囲とその内生的な標的は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 分裂酵母におけるRNAiの多様な内生標的と機能を調査する.
- RNAi,ヘテロクロマチン,およびエクソソームRNA分解経路の相互作用を探求する.
- 環境および発達シグナルがRNAi媒介サイレンシングをどのように制御するかを決定する.
主な方法:
- Schizosaccharomyces pombeにおける遺伝子サイレンシング,ヘテロクロマチン形成,siRNA生成の分析.
- エクソソーム,ポリー (A) ポリメラーゼ Pla1,RNA監視因子 Red1.1の役割を調査する.
- ドロソフィラのRNAi-エクソソーム相互作用の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- RNAiとヘテロクロマチン因子は,性差異遺伝子,トランスメブランタンパク質遺伝子,レトロトランポゾンを含む様々な位置を沈黙させるために協力します.
- エクソソーム欠乏細胞では,RNAiが優先的にトランスクリプトを処理し,siRNAクラスターの増加とヘテロクロマチン改変につながります.
- siRNA生成とヘテロクロマチンの組み立ては,Pla1とRed1によって誘発され,それらはまた,エクソソームを活性化します.
- siRNA生産とヘテロクロマチンは,成長条件と性差異シグナルによって調節されます.
結論:
- RNAiは,ヘテロクロマチン因子とエクソソームとの協力により,多様な内生ロキーを静止させます.
- RNAiとエクソソームの間には,特定の要因と環境のシグナルによって調節される保存された相互作用が存在します.
- RNAi媒介サイレンシングは,発達信号の影響を受けるダイナミックなプロセスであり,差別化中に遺伝子調節に影響を与えます.
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