関連する実験動画
Updated: May 16, 2026

07:08
Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
Published on: February 2, 2024
多能性再プログラム因子のゲノムとの初期接触の促進要因と阻害要因
Abdenour Soufi1, Greg Donahue, Kenneth S Zaret
1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Building 421, Rooms 131-132, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5157, USA.
Cell
|November 20, 2012
まとめ
転写因子Oct4,Sox2,Klf4,c-Myc (OSKM) が細胞を再プログラムする. ゲノムへの初期OSKM結合は,抑制性染色体によって制限されるが,先駆的な因子Oct4,Sox2,Klf4が再プログラミングを容易にする.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
背景:
- 転写因子による細胞運命を再プログラムすることは,重要な研究分野である.
- ゲノムへの再プログラミング因子の初期結合イベントを理解することは,効率を最適化するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトゲノムにおけるOct4,Sox2,Klf4,c-Myc (OSKM) の結合をマッピングし,フィブロブラストが多能性へと再プログラムされる最初の48時間.
- 初期因子結合と再プログラミングプロセスの機能的関係を解明する.
主な方法:
- OSKM結合の全ゲノムマッピング.
- クロマチンのアクセシビリティと表遺伝的変化 (H3K9me3) の分析.
- 遺伝子発現の変化と因子結合の相関.
主要な成果:
- c-Mycは予想外にもOct4,Sox2,Klf4 (OSK) のクロマチンの結合を促進する.
- Oct4,Sox2,Klf4は,再プログラム促進遺伝子の増強剤のパイオニア要因として作用する.
- メガベーススケールのH3K9me3-濃縮クロマチンのドメインは,初期OSKM結合を阻害し,再プログラム効率を低下させます.
結論:
- 初期OSKM結合は,先駆的な要因と表遺伝的障壁の影響を受ける複雑なプロセスです.
- これらの初期結合の課題を克服することは,細胞の再プログラムに成功するために不可欠です.
- この発見は,誘発された多能性における転写因子結合の動態についての洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Combinatorial Gene Control
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

