健康な国:英国における子どもの健康に関する研究を強化
Neena Modi1, Howard Clark, Ingrid Wolfe
1Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK. n.modi@imperial.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|November 27, 2012
まとめ
英国における子どもの健康に関する研究は,小児科医の数が減り,国民保健サービス (NHS) の可能性が十分に活用されていないことを含め,大きな課題に直面しています. 研究インフラ,研修,資金の改善は,子ども特有の治療法と将来の健康成果の進歩に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 小児科の研究について
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- バイオメディカルリサーチ
背景:
- 子供に特化した治療法の根拠は,必要性が認められているにもかかわらず,依然として稀です.
- イギリスの児童生物医学および保健サービスの研究は,訓練,インフラ,活動,証拠,および可視性に関する問題に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 英国における児童の生物医学および保健サービス研究の現状を調査する.
- 子どもの健康に関する研究を改善するための障壁と機会を特定する.
主な方法:
- 訓練プログラム,インフラ,研究活動,証拠の生成,子どもの研究の可視性の分析.
- 国民保健サービス (NHS) の採用率とコンサルタントの研究時間配分の検討.
- 子どもの健康に関する研究と研究委員会における小児科医の代表に対する資金配分の見直し.
主要な成果:
- 学術的な小児科医の減少は18% (2000~2011) でした.
- 研究のためのNHSの潜在能力を十分に活用していないこと:採用率の低い (<2.5%),コンサルタントの研究時間の限度 (<5%),そして小児病院における研究施設の不十分.
- 研究支援の格差:薬物研究では高いが,非薬物研究では一貫性がない;公的/慈善の生物医学研究支出の5%しか子どもの健康に向けられていない.
結論:
- 生物医学研究への英国政府のコミットメントは,子どもの健康研究に完全に翻訳されていません.
- 証拠の基礎が乏しいため,子どものための臨床指導と政策策定が妨げられています.
- 推奨事項には,多分野の研究グループ,統一された児童研究ネットワーク,改善されたトレーニング,NHSの活動とのより良い統合が含まれています.
関連する概念動画
Primary Healthcare Services
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I
A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
International Nursing Organizations II
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...


