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関連する概念動画

Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
Induced Electric Fields01:23

Induced Electric Fields

The fact that emfs are induced in circuits implies that work is being done on the conduction electrons in the wires. What can possibly be the source of this work? We know that it’s neither a battery nor a magnetic field, as a battery does not have to be present in a circuit where current is induced, and magnetic fields never do any work on moving charges. The source of the work is in fact an electric field that is induced in the wires. For example, if a stationary conductor is placed in a...
Induced Electric Fields: Applications01:27

Induced Electric Fields: Applications

An important distinction exists between the electric field induced by a changing magnetic field and the electrostatic field produced by a fixed charge distribution. Specifically, the induced electric field is nonconservative because it does not work in moving a charge over a closed path. In contrast, the electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path. Hence, electric potential can be associated with the electrostatic field but not the induced field. The following...
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 8, 2026

Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors
08:32

Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

Published on: January 29, 2013

光学場誘導電流は,ダイエレクトリックで発生する.

Agustin Schiffrin1, Tim Paasch-Colberg, Nicholas Karpowicz

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. aschiffr@phas.ubc.ca

Nature
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,以前は不可能と考えられていた功績であるダイエレクトリックで超高速の電気信号制御を実証しました. 光学波形操作のこの突破は,電子信号処理をペタヘルツ範囲まで進める可能性がある.

さらに関連する動画

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids
10:03

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids

Published on: September 30, 2014

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors
08:32

Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

Published on: January 29, 2013

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids
10:03

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids

Published on: September 30, 2014

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

科学分野:

  • 固体物理 固体物理学
  • オプトエレクトロニクス (光電子機器)
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学

背景:

  • 現在の信号処理速度は,電流の切り替え時間によって制限され,通常はギガヘルツの範囲です.
  • テラヘルツ (THz) 範囲の信号処理は,電気の相互接続と半導体のための既存の光学制御方法の制限によって妨げられています.
  • 介電材料は,UV光による損傷や強い電場による破損のために,超高速光学電流制御に適していません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 光学波形を用いて,介電材料内の電気信号を操作する可能性を調査する.
  • 高周波の電流を制御するための既存の方法の限界を克服する.
  • 電子信号処理をペタヘルツ (PHz) ドメインに拡張するダイエレクトリックの可能性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 数サイクルの光学波形を用いて,無形な二酸化シリコン (溶融シリカ) と相互作用した.
  • 光学的な影響下で介電体の交流伝導性の変化を調査した.
  • 導電性の変化の時間スケールと,電流を制御する能力を測定した.

主要な成果:

  • アモルフな二酸化シリコンのAC伝導性を1フェムト秒で18倍以上逆行的に増加させました.
  • 障害を誘発することなく,瞬時の光場を使用して電流を駆動,誘導,切り替える能力を実証しました.
  • 介電材料の電気信号を制御し,半導体ベースの方法よりも重要な進歩となった.

結論:

  • ダイエレクトリックにおける電気信号操作は,カスタマイズされた光学波形を用いて実現可能である.
  • このテクニックは,超高速光学制御のダイエレクトリックの使用に関連する以前の制限を克服しています.
  • この発見は,電子信号処理と高速メトロロジーをペタヘルツ (10^15 Hz) ドメインに拡張するための道を開く.