ヒトの腸内微生物群のゲノム変異の景観
Siegfried Schloissnig1, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Shinichi Sunagawa
1European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Nature
|December 11, 2012
まとめ
研究者らは,207人のメタゲノミクスデータを用いてヒトの腸内微生物の多様性を分析した. 彼らは1人当たりのユニークなメタゲノミクスゲノタイプを発見し,パーソナライズド医療に潜在的に有用です.
科学分野:
- マイクロバイオーム研究
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- バイオインフォマティックス
背景:
- 人間のゲノムの多様性はよく研究されているが,ヒトの微生物群への影響はほとんど未知のままである.
- 微生物の遺伝的多様性を理解することは,人間の健康と病気にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- メタゲノム変動分析のための枠組みを開発する.
- 人間の腸内微生物群内の遺伝的多様性の風景を調査する.
- パーソナライズド医療のためのメタゲノミクスゲノタイプの可能性を探求する.
主な方法:
- 207人の252人の糞便メタゲノムを分析するために新しいフレームワークを適用しました.
- 活用された74億の読書は,101の参照微生物種に一致しています.
- 何百万もの単一ヌクレオチドポリモルフィズム (SNPs),短い挿入/削除,構造的変異を検出しました.
主要な成果:
- 特定されたSNPは1030万種,107,991ショートインデル,101種の構造変異は1051種.
- 微生物種間の非同義語対同義語ポリモルフィズム比率は,個体間の比よりも高い変動が観察されました.
- 個体内のSNP変異パターンの時間的な安定性を実証し,ユニークなメタゲノムゲノタイプを示しています.
結論:
- 人間の腸内微生物群は,広範な遺伝的多様性を備えています.
- 個々の腸内メタゲノミクスゲノタイプは,時間とともに安定し,パーソナライズされることがあります.
- メタゲノミクスゲノタイプは,パーソナライズされた食事と薬物摂取戦略のために利用できる.
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