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関連する概念動画

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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Electromagnetic waves are categorized according to their wavelengths and frequencies, giving the electromagnetic spectrum. These waves are classified as radio, infrared, ultraviolet, etc. Radio waves refer to electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from millimeters to kilometers. Radio waves are commonly used for audio communications (i.e., radios) and typically result from an alternating current in the wires of a broadcast antenna. They cover a broad wavelength range and are used...
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The energy transport per unit area per unit time, or the Poynting vector, gives the energy flux of an electromagnetic wave at any specific time. For a plane electromagnetic wave with E0 and B0 as the peak electric and magnetic fields and traveling along the x-axis, the time-varying energy flux can be given by the following equation:
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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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量子カスケードレーザーに基づく中赤外線の周波数.

Andreas Hugi1, Gustavo Villares, Stéphane Blaser

  • 1Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Nature
|December 14, 2012
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,中赤外線スペクトロスコピーのためのコンパクトで電気駆動の半導体周波数を開発しました. この新しい装置は,ブロードバンド操作と正確な制御を提供し,先進的なスペクトロメーターへの道を開く.

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科学分野:

  • 光学とフォトニック
  • スペクトロスコーピーは,スペクトロスコーピーを用います.
  • 半導体レーザー 半導体レーザー

背景:

  • 光学周波数は,周波数領域測定のための正確なツールであり,光譜学のような分野に革命をもたらしました.
  • 中赤外線 (中赤外線) スペクトロスコピーは分子振動の分析に不可欠ですが,現在のの生成方法は複雑で手ごわいです.
  • 既存のミッドIRコンブソースは,非線形ダウンコンバージョンまたはマイクロレゾナーに依存しており,その実用性を制限しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • ミッドIRアプリケーションのために,より直接的で,コンパクトで,電気駆動の周波数コンブジェネレーターを開発する.
  • 半導体ベースのミッドIR周波数コンブのフェーズロックとブロードバンド操作を実証する.
  • 簡素化され,堅牢なコンブ発電システムを通じて,より広範なスペクトロスコピクアプリケーションを可能にします.

主な方法:

  • 増強媒介として,連続波,フリーランニング,ブロードバンド量子カスケードレーザー (QCL) を利用した.
  • QCL内の4波混合によるモード増殖を達成しました.
  • レーザーモードのフェーズロックが実証され,周波数構造が作成されました.

主要な成果:

  • 中部IRで動作するコンパクトでブロードバンド半導体周波数を生成し,中心は7マイクロメートルです.
  • 特定の駆動電流範囲内で10Hz未満のインターモードビートライン幅を有する観測されたフェーズロックモード.
  • 200Hz以下のインターモード安定性で4.4%のカム帯域幅を達成し,無線周波数インジェクションで調節可能.

結論:

  • 量子カスケードレーザーベースの周波数は,ミッドIR生成のためのコンパクトで直接的な電気注入スキームを提供します.
  • 実証されたブロードバンド運用,狭いライン幅,調節性は,高度なスペクトロスコピーのアプリケーションに理想的です.
  • この技術は,ブロードバンド,コンパクト,全固体型の中赤外線スペクトロメーターの開発を可能にします.