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関連する概念動画

Joule-Thomson Effect01:21

Joule-Thomson Effect

11.6K
The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
11.6K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

2.4K
Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
2.4K
P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

1.7K
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
1.7K
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

1.4K
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
1.4K
Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

841
Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
841
The Joule and Joule–Thomson Experiments01:23

The Joule and Joule–Thomson Experiments

170
Consider an adiabatic system composed of two chambers, A and B, designed such that no heat flows into or out of the system. Initially, chamber A is filled with a gas at a fixed temperature T1, pressure p1, and volume V1, while chamber B is evacuated. The gas is then gradually forced through a rigid, porous barrier to chamber B, ultimately reaching temperature T2, pressure p2, and volume V2. A piston on the right side maintains a constant pressure (p2), which is lower than p1. The significant...
170

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings
09:01

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings

Published on: April 16, 2017

8.3K

ジョセフソンの熱干渉計

Francesco Giazotto1, María José Martínez-Pérez

  • 1NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. giazotto@sns.it

Nature
|December 22, 2012
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は,新しいジョセフソン熱干渉計を実証しています. この装置は相依存の熱伝送を示し,ジョセフソン交差点における熱干渉の予測を確認し,ナノ回路における一貫した熱操作を可能にします.

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Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
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Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Apr 10, 2026

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings
09:01

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings

Published on: April 16, 2017

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Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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科学分野:

  • 凝縮物質物理学 凝縮物質物理学
  • 量子現象とは,量子現象である.
  • ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • ジョセフソン効果は,マクロスコープの量子相相合性を実証し,超伝導量子干渉装置 (SQUID) の基礎となっている.
  • 理論的な予測は,ジョセフソン交差点における相依存型熱伝送について,電気干渉計と同様のものであるが,実験的実現は難解である.

研究 の 目的:

  • ジョセフソン交差点システムにおける相依存熱伝送を実験的に調査する.
  • 電気ジョセフソン干渉計の熱アナログを実現し,特徴づけること.

主な方法:

  • 2つの温度バイアス型正規金属電極を使用し,直流SQUIDでトンネル結合した.
  • 磁気流の関数として測定された熱交換と温度振動.

主要な成果:

  • 観測された相依存の熱伝送は,理論的な予測を裏付けました.
  • 21mKまでの磁気流動に依存した温度振動が実証されています.
  • 235mKで60mK/Φ0を超える流量対温度変換係数を達成しました.

結論:

  • ジョセフソン交差点における独特の相依存の熱電流の存在が確認されました.
  • ジョセフソン熱干渉計は,固体ナノ回路における熱の一貫した操作を可能にします.
  • 量子熱伝送の研究と応用のための新しい道を開く.