4-置換されたトリプトファンのマルチサイトプレニレーションは,ジメチラリリリプトファン合成酵素によって行われる
Jeffrey D Rudolf1, Hong Wang, C Dale Poulter
1Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 11, 2013
まとめ
エルゴト・アルカロイドの生物合成に不可欠なディメチラリリリプトファン合成は,改変されたトリプトファンと代替基板として作用します. この酵素は,複数のインドル環部位でトリプトファンをプレニラートし,共通のプレニレーション機構を明らかにします.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 酵素学 酵素学とは
- 自然製品バイオシンセシス 自然製品バイオシンセシス
背景:
- *Claviceps purpurea*のディメチラリリトリプトファン合成酵素 (DMATS) は,藻アルカロイド生物合成の鍵であり,C4でトリプトファンのプレニレーションを触媒化する.
- 4-メチルトリプトファンは,既知の競争性阻害剤であり,酵素活性を調べるために使用されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 4メチルトリプトファンとジメチラリル二酸化物とのDMATSの背景活性を調べる.
- プレニル化製品を特徴づけ,酵素の基板特異性と反応機構を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- トリプトファン (4-メチルトリプトファン,4-メトキシトリプトファン,4-アミノトリプトファン) とディメチラリリルジホスファートを使った酵素分析.
- 1Dおよび2DNMR技術を含む核磁気共振 (NMR) スペクトロスコーピーを用いてプレニル化製品の構造解明.
主要な成果:
- 4-メチルトリプトファンは代替基質として機能し,C3 (正常および逆) とN1.1でのプレニル化により4つの製品を生成しました.
- 4-メトキシトリプトファンと4-アミノトリプトファンは,また,C5とC7で起こるプレニレーションとともに,代替基質として作用した.
- DMATSは,インドル核の5つの異なる位置でプレニル酸を生成する能力を実証し,通常の地域選択性と逆地域選択性の両方を示した.
結論:
- DMATSの広範な基板特異性と多部位プレニル化能力は,インドール環プレニル化のための解離性電気性アルキル化機構をサポートします.
- 活性部位内の基板の向きと電子効果は,領域選択性とプレニレーションの種類を決定する.
- DMATS酵素ファミリーの全メンバーに共通する触媒メカニズムが提案されています.
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