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関連する概念動画

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
Motor Units00:46

Motor Units

A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Mechanical Protein Functions01:58

Mechanical Protein Functions

Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 15, 2026

Assembling Molecular Shuttles Powered by Reversibly Attached Kinesins
08:04

Assembling Molecular Shuttles Powered by Reversibly Attached Kinesins

Published on: January 26, 2019

ナノモーターとしての酵素分子

Samudra Sengupta1, Krishna K Dey, Hari S Muddana

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 12, 2013
PubMed
まとめ

カタラゼのような酵素分子は,より速く移動し,過酸化水素などの基質の濃度が高くなる方向に移動します. この分子化学反応は,化学反応によって酵素が互いに引き寄せられることを示しています.

科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 化学物理 化学物理
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

  • 酵素は生命にとって不可欠な生物学的触媒です.
  • 分子レベルで酵素の行動を理解することは,様々な用途において極めて重要です.
  • ケモタキシスは,個々の分子ではなく,細胞生物で観察される.

研究 の 目的:

  • 基板濃度に対する反応として酵素分子の拡散運動を調査する.
  • 酵素の分子スケールでのケモタキシスを実証する.
  • 化学的に結合した酵素が相互の引き寄せを示すことができるということを示すために.

主な方法:

  • 酵素拡散を監視するために光相関スペクトロスコーピー (FCS) を利用しました.
  • マイクロフリウイド装置を使用して,制御された基板濃度グラデーションを作成しました.
  • グルコース酸化酵素とグルコースを使用して,過酸化水素のグラデントを生成します.

主要な成果:

  • カタラゼ酵素の拡散率は,過酸化水素濃度とともに増加した.
  • カタラーゼとウレアゼの分子は,両方とも,より高い基板濃度に向かって移動した.

さらに関連する動画

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation
08:09

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation

Published on: October 15, 2019

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging
08:40

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging

Published on: March 13, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Assembling Molecular Shuttles Powered by Reversibly Attached Kinesins
08:04

Assembling Molecular Shuttles Powered by Reversibly Attached Kinesins

Published on: January 26, 2019

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation
08:09

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation

Published on: October 15, 2019

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging
08:40

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging

Published on: March 13, 2019

  • カタラゼは,生成された過酸化水素の梯度によって引き寄せられた,グルコース酸化酵素への移行が観察されました.

    • 結論:

    • 酵素は濃度依存の拡散と分子化学反応を示す.
    • 化学的に相互接続した酵素は,基板のグラデーションを通して空間的に組織化することができます.
    • この研究は,分子自己組織と引き寄せのための新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.