腸内微生物群における性差異は,ホルモンに依存した自己免疫の調節を促す
Janet G M Markle1, Daniel N Frank, Steven Mortin-Toth
1Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 19, 2013
まとめ
早期の腸内微生物は性ホルモンに影響を及ぼし,マウスの1型糖尿病 (T1D) に対して保護します. 微生物の移動は,ホルモンのレベルを変化させ,自己免疫反応を減少させることで,保護を与える可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
背景:
- 1型糖尿病 (T1D) のような自己免疫疾患は,不均衡に女性に影響します.
- 性ホルモンと微生物への曝露は,自己免疫疾患の変調因子として知られています.
- 微生物群,性ホルモン,および自己免疫性の相互作用については,さらなる調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 性ホルモンのレベルを調節する早期の微生物被曝の役割を調査する.
- 高リスクモデルにおいて,微生物の植民が自己免疫疾患の進行を防ぐことができるかどうかを判断する.
- 微生物群が性ホルモンを通じて自己免疫に影響を与えるメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 1型糖尿病の研究のために,非肥満糖尿病 (NOD) のマウスモデルを使用しました.
- 初期のNODマウスに共生微生物を投与した.
- 成熟した雄から未成熟の雌に糞便の微生物群移植を行いました.
- 測定された血清ホルモンレベル,自己抗体,および小島炎症.
- アンドロゲン受容体の活性性の役割を評価した.
主要な成果:
- コメンサル微生物のコロニー化は,雄性NODマウスの血清テストステロンのレベルを上昇させ,T1Dから保護を与えました.
- 男性から女性への微生物群の移転により,受容体ホルモンプロファイルが変化し,自己免疫マーカーが減少し,T1Dが予防されました.
- これらの保護効果は,アンドロゲン受容体のシグナル伝達に依存していた.
結論:
- 幼少期の微生物への曝露は,性ホルモンレベルと自己免疫疾患の結果の決定的な決定因子です.
- 腸内微生物群は,性ホルモンのプロフィールを変化させ,自己免疫に対する保護を与えるために操作することができます.
- 腸内微生物群を標的にすることは,特に遺伝的に感受性の高い個体において,自己免疫疾患に対する潜在的な治療戦略を表しています.
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