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Candida albicansの"強制二重体"は,交配能力のある二重体を形成する
Meleah A Hickman1, Guisheng Zeng, Anja Forche
1Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Nature
|February 1, 2013
まとめ
菌類の病原体であるCandida albicansは,生存可能なハプロイド状態で存在し,長年にわたる二倍体分類に異議を唱えます. このハプロイド形は,二重体形に戻り,遺伝子研究のための新しい道を開くことができます.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- ミコロジー菌類学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- カンディダ・アルビカンスは,ヒトの流行しているキノコ病原体です.
- 以前は, obligate diploid 生物と考えられていた.
- 低減的な致死性突然変異は,そのゲノムに広く存在すると考えられています.
研究 の 目的:
- カンディダ・アルビカンスのハプロイド状態の存在と特徴を調査する.
- ハプロイド形成のメカニズムと真菌生物学への影響について調べる.
- 強化された遺伝分析のための安定したハプロイド株を開発する.
主な方法:
- ハプロイドカンジダ・アルビカンスの二倍体細胞からの誘導 in vitroおよびin vivo条件下.
- ハプロイド細胞における形態遺伝的変化の分析,酵母-ヒファの移行と白色-不透明の切り替えを含む.
- ハプロイド細胞の交配効率と二プロイド細胞の再生の評価.
- 複数のオクストロフィーを持つ安定したハプロイド株の構築.
主要な成果:
- Candida albicansは,染色体喪失から生じる生存可能なハプロイド状態を示した.
- ハプロイド細胞は,交配を含む,保存された形態遺伝的能力を示した.
- ハプロイド細胞は効率的にペア化し,二重性を再生し,異異性生殖性と適性を回復しました.
- ホモジゴトの二重複体は自発的に発生したが,体調の低下を示し,一時的な安定性を示した.
- 安定したオックスオートロフィックハプロイド株が成功裏に作成されました.
結論:
- Candida albicansは,以前の仮定に反して,生存可能なハプロイド相を持っています.
- ハプロイド状態は,形態遺伝学的に多用途であり,効率的な二重体復元が可能である.
- 安定したハプロイド菌株の開発は,この病原体の遺伝子操作と研究を大幅に前進させる.
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