森林が伐採された熱帯の泥炭地帯の深い不安定性は,河川の有機炭素の流れによって明らかにされています
Sam Moore1, Chris D Evans, Susan E Page
1Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research, Department of Environment, Earth and Ecosystems, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.
Nature
|February 1, 2013
まとめ
熱帯の泥炭地帯は,膨大な量の炭素を貯蔵しています. 混乱した泥炭地帯は,健全な川よりも50%以上の有機炭素を河川に放出し,全体的な炭素損失の見積もりを増やす.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
背景:
- 熱帯の泥炭地帯は,地球規模の重要な炭素吸収場であり,地上有機炭素を大幅に保持しています.
- インドネシアの泥炭地帯における人為的な劣化 (森林破壊,排水,火災) は,それらを主要な二酸化炭素源に変換している.
- 河川による有機炭素の輸出は,泥炭地帯の炭素予算の重要な要素であるが,しばしば見過ごされている.
研究 の 目的:
- 健全で人類学的に破壊された熱帯の泥炭沼林からの年間河川有機炭素の輸出を定量化して比較する.
- 異なる種類の泥炭地帯から浸出された溶解有機炭素 (DOC) の年齢と起源を決定するために.
- 退廃した泥炭地帯の全体的な炭素バランスに対する河川による炭素損失の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 健全な泥炭沼林と破壊された泥炭沼林からの流動的な有機炭素のフィールドサンプリングと分析.
- 溶解した有機炭素の年代測定は,その年代と起源を確かめるために行う.
- 河川による炭素損失のデータを,泥炭地帯の炭素予算の計算に統合する.
主要な成果:
- 混乱した泥炭沼林は,健全な森林と比較して,全体の河川有機炭素の流れが50%高いことを示しています.
- 健全な森林からのDOCは,主に最近の一次生産から発生しますが,破壊された森林からのDOCは,主に古代の炭素です.
- 河川による炭素の損失を含めると,汚染された泥炭地帯からの推定総炭素の損失は22%増加する.
結論:
- 河川による有機炭素の輸出は,熱帯の泥炭地帯の炭素バランスの重要な要因であり,特に人為的な干渉下でのものです.
- 降解は,浸出された有機炭素の源と年齢を大幅に変化させ,古代の炭素貯蔵庫を動員します.
- 熱帯泥炭地帯の炭素動態の正確な評価には,河川による炭素損失の明示的な定量化が必要です.
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