オゾンと温室効果ガスの影響による風力動向を観測データで検出する
Sukyoung Lee1, Steven B Feldstein
1Department of Meteorology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. sxl31@meteo.psu.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 2, 2013
まとめ
南極のオゾン層の枯渇は,温室効果ガス (GHG) 増加よりも,西側のジェットの極方向のシフトを大幅に推進しています. 観測データの分析は,この発見を確認し,オゾン層を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 気候科学 気候科学
- オゾン層の研究 オゾン層の研究
背景:
- 以前のモデリング研究は,南極のオゾン層の減少と温室効果ガス (GHG) の増加を,南極の夏の西のジェットの極方向のシフトと関連付けました.
- 観測データを用いて,オゾン層の減少と温室効果ガスの排出を区別するのは,大変な課題でした.
研究 の 目的:
- 観測データを用いて,南極のオゾン層の減少と温室効果ガスの増加が,西側のジェットの観測された極方向のシフトに与える影響を調査する.
- 大気循環パターンに対するオゾン層の減少とGHGの強制の影響を区別するために.
主な方法:
- ERA-Interimの毎日の再分析データにクラスター分析を適用した.
- 温室効果ガスの強制とオゾン層の枯渇への反応を表す7〜11日間の2つの異なる風のクラスタを特定しました.
- これらの特定された風団の発生頻度の傾向を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 分析により,温室効果ガスの強制とオゾン層の破壊に関連した明確な風のパターンが特定されました.
- クラスターの頻度の動向は,オゾン層の減少が,温室効果ガスの増加よりも約50%多く西側ジェットシフトに寄与したことを示した.
- トロピカルコンベクションは,温室効果ガスによるトレンドの重要な要因として特定されました.
結論:
- 観測データ分析はモデリング研究を裏付け,オゾン層の減少が,オーストラリアの夏の西部ジェットシフトの主な原動力であることを確認しています.
- この発見は,オゾン層の回復が南半球の気候動態に及ぼす重大な影響を強調しています.
- 温室効果ガスによる循環変化における熱帯コンベクションの役割については,さらなる調査が必要である.
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