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関連する概念動画

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids

Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.

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Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
10:19

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Published on: July 18, 2017

酸化アルカンの脱水化のための触媒として銅を導入する.

Ana Conde1, Laia Vilella, David Balcells

  • 1Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los Materiales, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, 21007 Huelva, Spain.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 16, 2013
PubMed
まとめ

トリスピラゾリルボレートリガンドを含む銅触媒は,過酸化水素を用いたn-ヘクサンとサイクロアルカンの脱水化を促進する. この新しいプロセスは,アルコールとケトンを生成し,小アルケンの形成があり,典型的なフェントン反応とは異なり,アルコールとケトンを生成します.

さらに関連する動画

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether
09:21

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

Published on: August 17, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
10:19

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Published on: July 18, 2017

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether
09:21

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

Published on: August 17, 2019

科学分野:

  • カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
  • 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
  • 酸化反応は,酸化反応によるものです.

背景:

  • 過酸化水素は,触媒プロセスにおける多用途の酸化剤です.
  • 銅複合体は,様々な有機変異の効果的な触媒である.
  • トリスピラゾリルボラートリガンドは金属の中心を安定させ,反応性を影響する.

研究 の 目的:

  • 銅複合体と過酸化水素を用いて,n-ヘクサンとサイクロアルカンの触媒脱水化を調査する.
  • 活性種と主要な中間物質の性質を含む反応機構を明らかにする.
  • 酸化および脱水化製品に対する選択性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • トリスピラゾリルボラートリガンドと過酸化水素を用いた銅複合体を用いた触媒反応.
  • 反応産物を特定し,過激なメカニズムを除外するための実験分析.
  • 反応経路と活性種をモデル化するための密度関数理論 (DFT) 研究.

主要な成果:

  • n-ヘクサンとサイクロアルケンのn-ヘクセンとサイクロアルケンの触媒脱水化が達成されました.
  • この反応は主に酸化産物 (アルコールとケトン) と少量のアルケーンを産生した.
  • DFTの研究では,H抽出を経由して進行する,アクティブなイニシアターとして,銅-オクソ種を示した.
  • トリプレット状態からシングレット状態へのスピンクロスオーバーは,触媒回収と製品配布に不可欠でした.

結論:

  • 水素過酸化物を用いた炭化水素機能化のための新しい触媒系が開発されました.
  • このメカニズムは,銅-オクソ種とスピン・クロスオーバーを含み,フェントン型のプロセスと区別する.
  • この研究は,実験的および計算的証拠によって支持された包括的なメカニズム提案を提供します.