人間の感覚運動皮質の機能的組織は,スピーチの発音のための機能的組織である
Kristofer E Bouchard1, Nima Mesgarani, Keith Johnson
1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
Nature
|February 22, 2013
まとめ
科学者たちは,高解像度の脳記録を使用して,人間の言語の感覚運動皮質をマッピングしました. 彼らは音節生成中に音声的な特徴によって編成されたスピーチアルティキュレータのダイナミックでソマトトピックな表現を発見しました.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- スピーチサイエンス スピーチサイエンス
- モーター・コントロール・コントロール
背景:
- 話すことは,複数の発音器 (唇,下,舌,喉頭) の複雑で協調した動きを,急速な時間スケールで行うことです.
- スピーチ生成の神経基礎を理解することは,運動制御と潜在的なスピーチ障害の解読に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の言語感覚運動皮質の組織を調査する.
- 音節の生成過程で,スピーチアルティキュレータがどのように表現され,調整されているかを明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 人間における高解像度,マルチエレクトロドの皮質記録を利用した.
- 協和音-母音の音節の生成中の神経活動を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 部分的に重なり合っているベントラル・プレ・アンド・ポスト・セントラル・ジリアのソマトトピック・スピーチ・アルティキュレーター表現を特定した.
- 音節生成の過程で,これらの表現をシーケンスとして時間の調整を観察した.
- 発現した集団レベルの表現は,音声的な特徴によって構成され,数十ミリ秒間にわたって動的に移行しています.
結論:
- 言語感覚運動皮質は,多関節運動を生成するためのダイナミックな組織を示しています.
- 神経活動パターンは,音声的な特徴を反映し,流暢なスピーチの生産の基礎となっている.
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