タンパク質キナーゼAによる酸化物の移転は,結晶格子に捕らえられます
Adam C Bastidas1, Michael S Deal, Jon M Steichen
1Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 6, 2013
まとめ
研究者らは,cAMP依存タンパク質キナーゼ (PKA) の触媒メカニズムを,反応中介物質を捕獲することによって解明した. 彼らは,マグネシウムイオンの役割とADPの放出をPKAの鍵として特定しました.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
背景:
- cAMP依存タンパク質キナーゼ (PKA) は,cAMPシグナル伝達における重要なセリン/スレオニンキナーゼである.
- PKAは,より広範なキナーゼファミリーのモデル酵素として機能します.
- PKAのフォスフォリル移転,マグネシウムイオン役割,ADPの放出における重要なステップは不明のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- PKAの触媒メカニズムを解決するために,フォスフォリル移転とADPの放出を含む.
- 触媒作用中の必須マグネシウムイオンの特定の役割を解明する.
- PKAの触媒ステップの完全な解像度プロファイルを提供するために.
主な方法:
- タンパク質結晶学を用いて,反応中介物質を捕まえた.
- アデノシン-5'-(β,γ-イミド) トリフォスファート (AMP-PNP) を遅いフォスフォリル移転の研究に使用した.
- PKA基板複合体の高解像度結晶構造 (1.55 Å と 2.15 Å) を決定した.
主要な成果:
- 結晶格子の中で基板と製品の状態の両方を成功裏に閉じ込めました.
- 部分的および完全なフォスフォリル移転を示す異なる構造状態が観察されました.
- Mg2を安定結合イオンとして特定し,これは触媒作用に不可欠であり,Mg1の排出はADPの放出と関連している.
結論:
- この研究は,PKA.の完全な触媒サイクル解像度を提供します.
- Mg2は,催化後の活性部位の安定化に重要な役割を果たします.
- Mg1の排出は,速度を制限するADP放出段階の重要な要因として関与しています.
関連する概念動画
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Phosphorylation
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...

