交差点にある卵巣の表面上皮質には,がんに罹患しやすい幹細胞のニッチが含まれています

Andrea Flesken-Nikitin¹, Chang-Il Hwang, Chieh-Yang Cheng

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cornell Stem Cell Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Nature

|March 8, 2013

まとめ

研究者らは,卵巣表面上皮質再生に不可欠な移行領域である卵巣ヒラムに新しい幹細胞ニッチを特定しました. この発見は,上皮性卵巣がんの起源と病原性について光を当てています.

科学分野:

生殖生物学生殖生物学
がん研究がん研究
幹細胞生物学幹細胞生物学とは

背景:

エピテリア性卵巣がん (EOC) の病原性は未だに十分に理解されていない.
EOCは,米国女性における癌による死亡の第5の主要な原因です.
卵巣表面上皮質 (OSE) の幹細胞のニッチはよく定義されていません.

研究の目的:

OSEのために,これまで認識されていない幹細胞のニッチを特定する.
EOCの病原性におけるこのニッチの役割を調査する.

主な方法:

卵巣の研究のためにマウスモデルを使用した.
シリアル球の生成と長期的な系統追跡アッセイを実行した.
腫瘍抑制遺伝子Trp53とRb1の非活性化により,変容の可能性を評価する.

主要な成果:

卵巣ヒラムを新しいOSE幹細胞のニッチとして特定しました.
ヒラムのOSE細胞は,ゆっくりと循環し,重要な幹細胞/原始細胞マーカー (ALDH1, LGR5, LEF1, CD133, CK6B) を発現する.
長期にわたる幹細胞の特性 in vitroおよびin vivoで実証されています.
Trp53とRb1の不活性化により,ヒルウム細胞の変異の可能性が増加した.

結論:

卵巣のヒラムは,OSEの幹細胞のニッチとして機能します.
移行地帯の幹細胞のニッチは,がんの感受性を説明する可能性がある.
この発見は,EOCの開発と潜在的な治療戦略を理解する上で重要な意味を持つ.

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