関連する実験動画
Updated: May 11, 2026
09:02
Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
Published on: December 10, 2015
ゲノムと核膜の相互作用の単細胞ダイナミクス
Jop Kind1, Ludo Pagie, Havva Ortabozkoyun
1Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands. j.kind@nki.nl
Cell
|March 26, 2013
まとめ
染色体は核膜 (NL) とダイナミックに相互作用し,遺伝子調節に影響を与えます. LADのポジショニングはミトーシス中にリセットされ,NLの接触は遺伝子サイレンスと特定の表遺伝子マークと相関する.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
背景:
- 核ラミナ (NL) は,ラミナ関連ドメイン (LAD) と呼ばれる大規模なゲノム領域と相互作用します.
- これらの相互作用のダイナミックな性質と,表遺伝的変異との関連性は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 単細胞におけるLAD-NL相互作用のダイナミクスを調査する.
- LADポジショニング,表遺伝子変異,遺伝子調節の関係を理解する.
主な方法:
- LADの運命を単細胞で視覚化するために"分子接触記憶"のアプローチを使用しました.
- LADのNLに対する位置づけを分析し,それを表遺伝的マークと遺伝子発現と相関させた.
主要な成果:
- LADの約30%だけが核の周辺にあり,オランダと断続的な接触を維持しています.
- LADの位置づけはミトーシスによって遺伝されるのではなく,ストキャスティックに再編成される.
- NLとの接触は,転写抑制とH3K9二メチル化に関連しています.
- NLコンタクトの調節剤として,H3K9メチルトランスフェラーゼであるG9aを特定しました.
結論:
- 核ラミナの染色体構造は,ミトーシス後に動的およびストキャスティックに確立されています.
- LADsとのNL接触は,表遺伝的メカニズムを通じて遺伝子サイレンシングを維持する役割を果たします.
- これらの発見は,染色体のダイナミックな空間的組織と遺伝子調節を支配する原則を明らかにします.
関連する概念動画
02:54Nucleosome Remodeling
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
02:21Chromatin Packaging
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter?
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
01:35Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments
Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to regulate their disassembly. The IF concentration in the cytoplasm also regulates the disassembly. If the concentration crosses a threshold, it activates the protein kinases in the vicinity, allowing the phosphorylation of IFs.
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
00:55Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina
Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
01:32Chromatin Packaging
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
01:24Nucleoid
The nucleoid represents a structurally and functionally distinct region within prokaryotic cells, where the cell's DNA and associated proteins are housed. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus, and the nucleoid facilitates the organization and accessibility of the genetic material within this constraint. The DNA in most bacteria and archaea exists as a single, circular, double-stranded molecule that is highly compacted through supercoiling and interactions with...