北東太平洋上昇の下の被動マントルの上流の電気画像
Kerry Key1, Steven Constable, Lijun Liu
1Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. kkey@ucsd.edu
Nature
|March 30, 2013
まとめ
プレートテクトニクスはマントルの上昇を駆動し,海中の山脊で海殻を作り出します. 新しい地質学的データは,パッシブアップウェリングが東太平洋上昇に優位性を示し,溶融の焦点は,多孔的な溶融領域で発生します.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- マントラダイナミクス マントラダイナミクス
- 海洋の地殻形成について
背景:
- マントルの上流は,海中の山脊で海殻を生成しますが,その原動力は議論されています.
- パッシブフローモデルは対称的な上流を予測し,アクティブモデルは集中コンベクティブフローを示唆する.
- 地質学的観測は,対称的および非対称的な上流パターンの両方を示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 海床の磁気テロル学探査を用いて,北東太平洋上昇におけるマントルの電気構造をイメージする.
- マントルの上昇と融解を制御する力を調査するために,急速に広がる山脊に焦点を当てて.
- パッシブとアクティブのマントルフローモデルを区別する.
主な方法:
- 海底磁気伝導 (MT) 探査は,北東太平洋上陸地で実施されました.
- MTデータを使用して,マントルの電気構造を約160 kmの深さまでイメージしました.
- 電気伝導性とアニソトロピーが分析され,マントルの性質と流動力学を推論した.
主要な成果:
- 対称で高伝導率の領域 (深さ20〜90km) は,被動的に上流するマントルの部分的な融解を示しています.
- この導電性溶融領域は,溶融焦点化のための被動フロー予測と一致します.
- 脊の東にあるより深い導体 (深さ > 100 km) は,変形断層に関連した非対称な上流を示唆しています.
- 浅いマントル (10-20 km) の電気的アニソトロピーは,局所的で浅いマグマ輸送管を指しています.
結論:
- プレート駆動の被動的上流は,この急速に広がるのセグメントで支配的なメカニズムです.
- 融解焦点は,石灰圏の底部ではなく,多孔性の融解領域内で発生します.
- 動力的な力は,この場所での上昇を制御する上で無視できるように見えます.
- 浅いマグマ輸送経路であり,より深いオフアシス上流ではなく,地震異常を説明する可能性が高い.
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