根と関連する真菌は,北極森林の長期的な炭素収縮を促します
K E Clemmensen1, A Bahr, O Ovaskainen
1Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. karina.clemmensen@slu.se
まとめ
ボレアル・フォレストの土壌は,主に植物のゴミだけでなく,根や関連する微生物から,かなりの炭素を貯蔵します. この発見は,森林の炭素循環と有機物質の蓄積に関する伝統的な見解に異議を唱えている.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
背景:
- ボレアル森林の土壌は,重要な炭素吸収源である.
- 地上の植物のゴミは,伝統的に土壌有機物質の主要な源と考えられています.
- 炭素蓄積メカニズムを理解することは,世界の炭素循環研究にとって不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 北極森林における土壌有機物質の主要な源を調査する.
- 炭素貯蔵における根と関連する微生物の役割を調査する.
- 菌類のコミュニティが森林の継承過程における炭素動態にどのように影響するか調べる.
主な方法:
- 炭素源を追跡するために放射性炭素 (14C) 爆弾-炭素モデリングを使用しました.
- 残留物の分解と保存を評価するために,真菌バイオマーカーを分析した.
- 微生物の役割を特定するために,454の熱配列化と安定同位体分析を使用した.
主要な成果:
- 貯蔵された土壌炭素の50〜70%は,根や根に関連した微生物から発生します.
- 菌類のバイオマーカーは,後の連続森林における残留物の劣化と保存の減少を示唆しています.
- 根に関連した真菌は,生態系の炭素ダイナミクスの重要な調節因子として特定されています.
結論:
- 根源に由来する有機物質は,北極森林の土壌の炭素蓄積に支配的な役割を果たします.
- 森林の継承は真菌の活動に影響を与え,炭素の保存に影響を与えます.
- 根の寄与によって駆動される北極森林における有機物質の蓄積のための代替メカニズムが提案されています.
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