西欧の子供のための保健サービス
Ingrid Wolfe1, Matthew Thompson, Peter Gill
1European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. ingrid.wolfe@lshtm.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|April 2, 2013
まとめ
西欧の保健システムは,子供の健康上のニーズ,特に非伝染性疾患の変化に適応しなければなりません. システム全体的なアプローチは,子どもの健康サービスを改善し,ヨーロッパ全域の不平等を減らすために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- 小児科は小児科です.
背景:
- 西欧の保健システムは,現代の子どもの健康ニーズを満たすという課題に直面しており,非伝染性疾患は,罹病率と死亡率の重要な原因として増加しています.
- 全体的な改善にもかかわらず,保健サービスや社会文化的な決定要因の影響を受け,欧州全土で子どもの健康に関する大きな不平等が続いている.
研究 の 目的:
- 異なる西欧の保健システムが,変化する子どもの健康ニーズにどのように適応しているかを比較する.
- 子どもの健康の成果と公平性を改善するために,システム全体のアプローチを通じて,保健サービスを再構成するための効果的な戦略とベストプラクティスを特定します.
主な方法:
- 西欧諸国における児童保健サービスの適応の比較分析.
- 統合ケアシステム,慢性ケアサービス,ファーストコンタクトケアモデルの検討.
- 政策,計画,実践レベルの介入の見直し.
主要な成果:
- スウェーデンとオランダの経験は,支援政策と十分な資金が統合システムに与える影響を強調しています.
- フランス,イギリス,イタリア,ドイツは,慢性疾患のケアに関するさまざまな洞察を提供している.
- ファースト・コンタクト・ケア・モデルは大きく異なるが,組織,訓練,時間外サービス,タスク・シェアリングなどに問題が生じています.
結論:
- 子どもの健康と公平性を改善するには,行動,計画,政策を統合した,反応性のある全システムアプローチが必要です.
- 柔軟で協力的なファーストコンタクトケアモデルは,専門知識とアクセシビリティのバランスをとることができます.
- 持続的な政治的コミットメントと投資は,健康システムの変革を成功させるために不可欠です.
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