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臨界アクセスおよび非臨界アクセス病院に入院したメディケア受給者の死亡率,2002年から2010年
Karen E Joynt1, E John Orav, Ashish K Jha
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. kjoynt@partners.org
JAMA
|April 4, 2013
まとめ
臨界アクセス病院 (CAH) のメディケア患者の死亡率は,2002年に他の病院と比べると同じでした. 2010年までに,CAHの死亡率は増加し,非CAHの減少率から離れ,品質改善イニシアチブの必要性を示しました.
科学分野:
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- 田舎の健康について
- 品質の向上 品質の向上
背景:
- クリティカル・アクセスの病院 (CAH) は,田舎の医療に不可欠ですが,リソースの制限と脆弱な患者集団に直面しています.
- 過去10年間のCAHの比較患者アウトカムと死亡率の傾向は,以前は知られていなかった.
- これらの傾向を理解することは,田舎の医療環境におけるケア品質の評価に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 臨界アクセス病院 (CAH) で治療を受けた患者の死亡傾向を評価する.
- これらの死亡傾向を非CAHで観察されたものと比較する.
- 2002年から2010年の間,特定の疾患の30日間の死亡率の変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- メディケア料金対サービスデータを利用した遡及的観察研究.
- 分析には190万件の急性心筋梗塞,450万件の充血性心不全,3900万件の肺炎入院が含まれる.
- リスク調整された30日間の死亡率は,CAHと他の米国の急性ケア病院の間で2002年から2010年まで比較されました.
主要な成果:
- 2002年,CAH患者は,研究対象の疾患において,非CAH患者と30日間の死亡率に匹敵する死亡率を示した.
- 2002年から2010年の間に,CAHの死亡率は毎年増加しました (0.1%),非CAHの死亡率は減少しました (-0.2%).
- 2010年までに,CAHは非CAHと比較して著しく高い死亡率 (1.8%の差) を示し,個々の状態と小さな農村病院の間で一貫した傾向を示しました.
結論:
- 急性心筋梗塞,充血性心不全,または肺炎のメディケア受給者の30日間の死亡率は,他の急性ケア病院と比較して2002年から2010年の間にCAHで増加しました.
- この発見は,CAHが死亡率の悪化傾向を経験しているため,患者のアウトカムにおける格差が広がっていることを示唆しています.
- クリティカル・アクセスの病院における増加する死亡率に対処するために,新しい品質改善戦略が必要になる可能性があります.
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