関連する実験動画
人口,消費,環境ネクサスにおける普遍的な外部性
Partha S Dasgupta1, Paul R Ehrlich
1Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9DD, UK. partha.dasgupta@econ.cam.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 20, 2013
まとめ
持続不可能な経済発展は,人口増加と消費の計り知れない結果 (外部性) に起因する. これらの外部性に対処するには,市場の非効率性と不平等を修正するための緊急の地域的およびグローバルな集団行動が必要です.
科学分野:
- 社会生態系のシステム分析
- 環境経済学 環境経済学
- 人口に関する研究.
背景:
- 現在の経済発展モデルの持続可能性に関する懸念が高まっています.
- 人口増加,消費,資源利用に関する広範な経験的研究.
- 人口-消費-環境ネクサスにおける社会生態学的プロセスの理論的理解は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 人口・消費・環境の結びつきにおける社会生態学的プロセスを理解するための統一された理論的枠組みを開発する.
- 生殖,消費,自然資源利用に関する意思決定における外部性を特定し,分類する.
- これらの外部性の自己補正メカニズムと非線形ダイナミクスを分析する.
主な方法:
- 生殖,消費,環境への影響に関連する外部性の識別と分類.
- これらの外部性を統合する理論的枠組みの開発.
- ネクサス内の市場の自己訂正と非線形性の分析.
主要な成果:
- 生殖,消費,資源利用に関する個人の決定に起因する外部性は,どこにでも存在しています.
- これらの外部性は,資源配置の非効率化につながり,しばしば不平等を悪化させる.
- 市場メカニズムはこれらの外部性を自己修正せず,固有の非線形性は社会生態学的影響を増幅します.
結論:
- 人口-消費-環境の結びつきは,広範囲にわたる,自己修正しない外部性によって特徴付けられています.
- 非線形性は,これらの外部性の社会生態学的結果を拡大する.
- これらの外部性を軽減し,持続可能性を確保するために,地方およびグローバルなレベルで緊急の集団行動が不可欠です.
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