過剰に搾取された海洋生物の回復と回復力
Philipp Neubauer1, Olaf P Jensen, Jeffrey A Hutchings
1Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. neubauer.phil@gmail.com
まとめ
適度な過剰漁獲にさらされている海洋群は,迅速な回復のための回復力を高めています. しかし,激しい搾取は,再建を遅らせ,枯渇した資源の回復の不確実性を高めています.
科学分野:
- マリン・バイオロジー マリン・バイオロジー
- 漁業 科学 漁業 科学
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
背景:
- 過剰に搾取されたほとんどの海洋群は,回復が遅いまま,目標バイオマスレベルを下回っている.
- 重要な質問は,緩やかな回復が不十分な収穫率の削減または人口の回復力の低下から生じるかどうかです.
研究 の 目的:
- 過剰漁獲のレベル,人口の回復力,海洋資源の回復の可能性との関係を調査する.
- 過剰漁獲された魚群の回復の速度と確実性に影響を与える要因を決定する.
主な方法:
- 過剰漁獲された魚の総量に関する世界的なメタ分析を実施した.
- 漁業の強度,バイオマスレベル,生命の歴史の特徴,回復時間に関するデータを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 適度な過剰漁獲を経験している海洋資源は,回復力を高め,迅速な回復の可能性を示唆しています.
- 長期にわたる激しい過剰搾取,特に崩壊した株の過剰搾取,大幅に遅れた再建,回復のタイムラインの不確実性の増大.
- 漁業と生命の歴史の特徴の予測可能な影響が観察されましたが,激しい搾取は回復の予測不可能な状態を悪化させました.
結論:
- 漁獲率の削減は,枯渇した海洋群の回復の不確実性を軽減するために極めて重要です.
- 現在の漁獲レベルと低バイオマスにより,世界の過剰漁獲の大量資源の回復は不可能である.
- 適度な過剰漁獲は回復力を損なわないかもしれないが,激しい長期的漁獲は海洋生態系の回復に重大な脅威をもたらす.
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