強力な社会的学習とコンフォミティは,野生の霊長類の餌探し決定を形作る.
Erica van de Waal1, Christèle Borgeaud, Andrew Whiten
1Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 27, 2013
まとめ
野生のベルベット猿は,新しい集団の食物嗜好に順応し,社会的学習が個人の選択を優先することを示しています. これは文化を強調している.
科学分野:
- 行動生態学 行動生態学
- プリマトロジー・プリマトロジー学
- 動物のソーシャル・ラーニング
背景:
- 文化は,地元の規範に適合することによって,人間の行動に大きな影響を与えます.
- 実験室での研究は動物の適合性を示唆しているが,野生の証拠は限られている.
- 野生動物の社会学習を理解することは,集団の違いを説明するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 野生のワルベット猿の新グループ規範への適合性を実験的に調査する.
- 野生の霊長類の集団における餌探し偏好の形成における社会的学習の役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- ベルベット猿の群れは,苦い味の食べ物を避けるように訓練された.
- 幼稚な乳児と移住する雄の学習した好みを評価するために,食事の選択肢は後に提示されました.
- 行動選択は,個人の経験とグループ規範への従順性を判断するために記録された.
主要な成果:
- 素朴な乳児は母親の食事の好みを継承し,社会的伝染を示している.
- 移動する雄は,新しいグループの既定の食物基準に適合するように,餌の選択を切り替えた.
- 野生のワルベット猿は,馴染みのない集団の行動規範に適合する強い傾向を示した.
結論:
- 社会的学習,特に適合性は,野生のワルベット猿の強力な力です.
- グループ規範への適合は,個々の採食体験を覆すことができる.
- この研究は,文化が野生動物の行動を形作っているという強力な実験的証拠を提供します.
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