加速放射性ビームを用いた梨状の核の研究
L P Gaffney1, P A Butler, M Scheck
1Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK.
Nature
|May 10, 2013
まとめ
研究者らは,ラドンとラジウムの同位体の中で,八極変形として知られる梨状の原子核の証拠を発見しました. この発見は,核構造理論と標準モデルを超えた物理学の探求を助けます.
科学分野:
- 核物理学 核物理学とは
- 原子物理 原子物理学
背景:
- 原子核は通常,四極変形 (ラグビーボール形) を表します.
- 原子核における八極形変形 (梨の形) は理論的には有意であるが,実験的には難解である.
- 八極の変形核は,電気二極モメントを放大できるので,核構造を理解し,標準モデルを超えた物理学の探求に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 電気八極交差の強さを実験的に決定するには,八極相関の直接的な測定法である.
- ラドンとラジウムの短命イソトープの八極形変形を調査する.
- 八極相関の理論的モデルを区別し,電気二極モメントの検索の候補者を特定する.
主な方法:
- 重い放射性イオンの加速ビームを用いたクーロンブ刺激実験を行った.
- イソトープ (220) Rn と (224) Ra.の電極八極変遷強度測定.
- 八角形変形の程度を評価するために実験データを分析しました.
主要な成果:
- (220) Rn.に比べて (224) Raの8極形変形がより強いという明確な証拠を提供した.
- 定量化されたオクトーポール移行の強度で,オクトーポール相関に関する直接的な洞察を提供します.
- この発見は,八角形変形核の存在と重要性を裏付けている.
結論:
- 実験データにより,核八極相関に関する競合する理論的アプローチを区別することができる.
- この結果は,原子の電気二極のモメントを探し出す将来の実験に適した候補者を特定するのに役立ちます.
- この研究は,核構造の理解と標準モデルを超えた新しい物理学の発見の可能性を前進させます.
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