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Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

1.7K
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

73
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
73
Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

197
The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more...
197
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

95
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
95
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

110
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
110
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

257
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
257

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 6, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

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微生物群は,腸内時計を動かせている.

Jorge Henao-Mejia1, Till Strowig, Richard A Flavell

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

Cell
|May 14, 2013
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

コメンサル細菌は,グルココルチコイド生成の毎日の昼夜調節に驚くべき役割を果たしています. この発見は,腸内微生物群を強調しています.

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The Use of Mouse Splenocytes to Assess Pathogen-associated Molecular Pattern Influence on Clock Gene Expression
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The Use of Mouse Splenocytes to Assess Pathogen-associated Molecular Pattern Influence on Clock Gene Expression

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Author Spotlight: In Vitro Investigations of Circadian Rhythms in Multicellular Systems
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関連する実験動画

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Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

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科学分野:

  • 微生物学 微生物学とは
  • エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
  • クロノバイオロジーはクロノバイオロジーを用います.

背景:

  • 日々の代謝パターンは通常,下垂体軸によって調節されます.
  • シルカディアンシステムは,多くの生理学的プロセスに影響を与えます.

研究 の 目的:

  • グルココルチコイド生成の昼間調節における共生細菌の役割を調査する.
  • ホルモン調節における腸内微生物群と腸内上皮細胞の相互作用を探求する.

主な方法:

  • 腸内皮質細胞におけるグルココルチコイド生成の分析.
  • 昼間の遺伝子発現に対する共生細菌の影響の評価.
  • 微生物群と宿主の相互作用に関する研究.

主要な成果:

  • コメンサル細菌は,グルココルチコイド産生の昼間調節に重要な役割を果たしていることが判明しました.
  • 特定の細菌種またはそれらの代謝物は,グルココルチコイド合成経路に影響を与える可能性があります.
  • 腸内皮質細胞は,腸内微生物群によって影響される昼夜反応を示します.

結論:

  • コメンサルバクテリアは,グルココルチコイド生成の昼間制御における驚くべき重要な要因である.
  • この研究は,腸内微生物群が宿主の内分泌機能に影響を与える新しいメカニズムを強調しています.
  • 微生物群と宿主との相互作用に関するさらなる研究は,代謝および内分泌障害のための新しい治療標的を明らかにすることができます.