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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 10, 2026

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery
11:56

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery

Published on: December 13, 2007

ヒト胚性幹細胞は,体細胞の核移転によって得られたものです.

Masahito Tachibana1, Paula Amato, Michelle Sparman

  • 1Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.

Cell
|May 21, 2013
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,体細胞核移転 (SCNT) を最適化することで,ヒト核移転胚性幹細胞 (NT-ESCs) を成功裏に作成しました. この画期的な発見は,胚の早期発達における以前の課題を克服し,患者に合わせた再生医療の道を開く.

さらに関連する動画

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
13:36

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT

Published on: October 1, 2010

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus
09:43

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

Published on: April 24, 2014

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery
11:56

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery

Published on: December 13, 2007

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
13:36

Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT

Published on: October 1, 2010

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus
09:43

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

Published on: April 24, 2014

科学分野:

  • 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
  • 生殖医学は,生殖器医学というものです.
  • 発達生物学 発達生物学について

背景:

  • ソマティック細胞核移転 (SCNT) は,疾患の研究と治療のための患者マッチングの核移転 (NT) -ESCへの経路を提供します.
  • 人間のNT-ESCを派生するための以前の努力は,早期のSCNT胚停止によって妨げられました.

研究 の 目的:

  • SCNTによるヒトNT-ESC誘導を制限する重要な要因を特定し,克服する.
  • 患者にマッチしたヒトNT-ESCを生成するための信頼できる方法を確立する.

主な方法:

  • 卵細胞における過早メオシス脱出と不最適の活性化が重要な障壁として特定された.
  • これらの制限に対処するために,最適化されたSCNTプロトコルを開発しました.
  • 高品質のヒト卵細胞に最適化されたSCNTを適用した.

主要な成果:

  • 最適化されたSCNTを用いてヒトNT-ESC線を,限られた卵細胞数 (わずか2個) からでも,成功裏に導出しました.
  • 派生NT-ESCは正常な二倍体カリオタイプを示し,ドナーの体細胞から核ゲノムを独占的に受け継いだ.
  • NT-ESCは,胚由来のESCに匹敵する遺伝子発現と分化パターンを示し,再プログラムが成功していることを示した.

結論:

  • 最適化されたSCNTプロトコルは,ヒトNT-ESCの誘導に対する以前の障壁を克服しています.
  • この方法は,治療および研究用途のために,患者とマッチした多能幹細胞の生成を可能にします.
  • somatic 細胞の効率的な再プログラムが,最適化されたSCNTによって,多能性へと達成されました.