パキスタンの非伝染性疾患と怪我:戦略的優先事項
Tazeen H Jafar1, Benjamin A Haaland, Atif Rahman
1Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore. tazeen.jafar@duke-nus.edu.sg
Lancet (London, England)
|May 21, 2013
まとめ
非伝染性疾患はパキスタンです.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 保健政策 保健政策 保健政策
背景:
- 心血管疾患,がん,呼吸器疾患,糖尿病,精神疾患などの非伝染性疾患 (NCD) は,パキスタンにおける死亡と病気の主な原因である.
- 主要な危険因子には,広範なタバコ使用,高血圧,肥満の高い割合,公衆衛生法の不適切な施行が含まれます.
- 社会政治的不安定と経済的課題は,精神疾患の高い流行を悪化させる.
研究 の 目的:
- 2025年までにパキスタンの主要なNCDによる早期死亡の予測負担を分析する.
- 主要なリスク要因をターゲットにすることで,NCDに関連した死亡率の減少に及ぼす潜在的な影響を評価する.
- 予防可能なNCDと闘うための政策,立法,医療システム介入を提唱する.
主な方法:
- グローバル・バーード・オブ・ディジーズ2010データに基づく予測モデルを利用した.
- 30~69歳の成人の心血管疾患,がん,慢性呼吸器疾患の死亡率データを分析した.
- リスク因子介入による早期死亡の潜在的減少をモデル化した.
主要な成果:
- パキスタンでは,NCDによる2025年までに推定387万人の早期死亡が予測されています.
- この予測される死亡率に関連した重要な経済的影響を特定しました.
- 主要なリスク要因をターゲットにすることで,これらの死亡率を少なくとも20%削減する可能性を示した.
結論:
- パキスタンで増加するNCDの流行に対処するために,緊急の政策と立法改革が必要である.
- 変更可能な危険因子を標的とした保健システム介入は,早死率を低減するために極めて重要です.
- 積極的な対策は,NCDの深刻な健康と経済的影響を軽減することができます.
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