関連する実験動画
Updated: May 11, 2026

15:22
Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization
Published on: April 3, 2014
個々のDNAポリメラーゼ複合体における転位とdNTP結合の動的メカニズム
Kate R Lieberman1, Joseph M Dahl, Ai H Mai
1Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Baskin School of Engineering, 1156 High Street, MS: SOE2, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA. krlieberman@gmail.com
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 28, 2013
まとめ
phi29 DNAポリメラーゼ (DNAP) の転位は,離散的な段階で行われます. 2'-デオキシヌクレオシドトリフォスファート (dNTP) 結合が転位を修正するが,それを誘導することはなく,ポリメラーゼが転位後の状態に移動した後で発生することを発見した.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー
背景:
- phi29 DNAポリメラーゼ (DNAP) とDNA複合体は,転位前の状態と転位後の状態の間のミリ秒スケールの変動を示します.
- これらの転位ダイナミクスは,α-hemolysin nanopore 実験におけるイオン電流の変化を通じて測定できます.
- 2'-デオキシヌクレオシドトリフォスファート (dNTP) の存在は,転位後の状態への均衡に影響を与えます.
研究 の 目的:
- phi29 DNAPトランスロケーションとdNTP結合の間の運動関係を定量的に決定する.
- ポリメラーゼ転位機構におけるdNTP結合の正確な役割を明らかにする.
- 移転率とdNTPの拘束率を個別に評価するための方法を開発する.
主な方法:
- 電場下で個々のphi29 DNAP-DNA複合体のα-ヘモリシンナノポールの記録を用いて.
- トランスロケーションの変動を捉えるためにイオン電流の痕跡を分析する.
- 異なったdNTP濃度と電圧で転位とdNTP結合率を抽出するための運動モデルの開発.
主要な成果:
- dNTPは,トランスロケーション後の状態への移行後のphi29 DNAP-DNA複合体と結合し,修正しますが,トランスロケーションを誘導しません.
- 転位率は,dNTPの存在と力 (電圧) に独立しています.
- dNTPの結合と解離率は電圧の影響を受けず,力が活性部位を変更したり,転位方向性に直接影響を与えないことを示唆しています.
結論:
- dNTPの結合は,修正器として動作し,移動後の状態を安定させ,直接動きを動かすのではなく,動作を安定させます.
- この研究は,ポリメラーゼにおける転位力学と基板結合の相互作用を解剖するための枠組みを提供します.
- 実験的および理論的アプローチは,転移および結合イベントに影響を与える要因の独立した評価を可能にします.
関連する概念動画
Translesion DNA Polymerases
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
The Replisome
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
ATP Synthase: Mechanism
In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased ATP...
DNA Helicases
DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
Nucleosome Remodeling
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
DNA Topoisomerases
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. Type I...
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. Type I...

