遺伝性皮質のインプットは,一次視野と高次視野の間の遺伝的区別を促します
Shen-Ju Chou1, Zoila Babot, Axel Leingärtner
1Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
まとめ
転写因子は,初期の視覚皮質を特定する. その後,タラモ皮質の軸索はこれらの領域を精錬し,V1から高次元の視覚領域を区別し,特定の機能を可能にします.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 皮質の発達 皮質の発達
背景:
- 新皮質領域のパターニングは,原始的視覚領域 (V1) について,祖先の転写因子を通して理解されます.
- 高次視覚領域 (V~HO) をV1から区別するメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- V1とV(HOを区別するタラモコルチカルアクソン (TCA) のインプットの役割を調査する.
- 視覚皮質領域のパターニングの多段階プロセスを解明する.
主な方法:
- 遺伝的に削除されたジェニキュロコルチカルTCA in vivo.
- V1とV ((HO)) の間のパターン化された遺伝子発現の違いを分析した.
主要な成果:
- Geniculocortical TCAの入力がV1とV (HO) を区別するために必要です.
- TCAの入力により,すべての層でパターンの遺伝子発現が起こります.
- このインプットは,領域特有の機能的性質を確立するために不可欠です.
結論:
- 視覚皮質領域のパターニングには,2段階のプロセスが含まれています.
- 祖先の転写因子による初期特異は,頭領域を作り出します.
- 後にV1およびV(HO) に区分されるには,遺伝的および機能的特異化のためのTCAの入力が必要です.
関連する概念動画
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Vision
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Association Areas of the Cortex
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Anatomy of the Eyeball
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Visual System
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...


