母子栄養の改善のためのエビデンスベースの介入:何ができるのか,どんな費用でできるのか?
Zulfiqar A Bhutta1, Jai K Das1, Arjumand Rizvi1
1Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 11, 2013
まとめ
母子栄養の改善により,5歳未満の子供の死亡の15%を防ぐことができる. 10つのエビデンスベースの栄養介入とヨウ素塩へのアクセスを拡大することは,発育阻害を回避し,世界の子供の健康結果を改善するために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 栄養科学 栄養学 栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- 母親の栄養不良は新生児死亡の重要な原因であり,毎年80万人の死亡に寄与しています.
- 発育阻害,衰弱,微量栄養素欠乏は,毎年約310万人の子供の死亡に関連しています.
- 2008年のThe Lancet Seriesを含む以前の研究は,栄養介入の有効性を確立しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 母子栄養不良および微量栄養素欠乏に対する介入に関する証拠を全面的に更新する.
- 高負荷国における救われた命と費用に対するエビデンスベースの栄養介入の影響をモデル化するため.
- コミュニティヘルスケアワーカーを含む提供プラットフォームが,アクセスと普及を改善する上で果たす役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- 栄養不足と微量栄養素欠乏に対処する介入の包括的な更新を実施しました.
- 標準的な方法を使用して,配信プラットフォームと戦略のための新しい証拠を評価しました.
- 子どもの発育不全の負担が最も大きい34カ国で,救われた命と費用に対する介入の効果をモデル化しました.
主要な成果:
- 90%のカバー率でエビデンスに基づいた10の栄養介入へのアクセスは,5歳未満の子供の死亡率を15%減らすことができます.
- ヨウ素塩へのアクセスの改善は,ヨウ素欠乏症を効果的に軽減し,健康上の結果を向上させることができます.
- 現在の発育不全の重荷の約5分の1は,改善された介入アクセスを通じて回避できます.
結論:
- 34の焦点国における10の直接的な栄養介入の拡大には,毎年推定96億ドルの追加投資が必要となる.
- コミュニティの関与と効果的な実施戦略を活用した栄養特有の介入への継続的な投資は不可欠です.
- 栄養特有のアプローチを栄養に敏感な戦略 (例えば,女性のエンパワーメント,食糧システム) と結びつけることで,負担が大きい国々の進歩を加速させることができます.
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