T細胞エフェクタ機能のトランスクリプション後の制御は,エアロビック・グリコロシスによるものです
Chih-Hao Chang1, Jonathan D Curtis, Leonard B Maggi
1Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Cell
|June 11, 2013
まとめ
T細胞はエアロビック・グリコリシスを増殖のためではなく,IFN-γ生産のようなエフェクタ機能のために使用します. この代謝スイッチは,IFN-γ mRNAへのGAPDH結合によって調節され,サイトカインの産生を制御します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 細胞の代謝について
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- T細胞の活性化には,通常,酸化性リン酸化 (OXPHOS) から有酸素糖分解への代謝のシフトが伴う.
- この代謝の再プログラミングは,伝統的に細胞増殖の高いエネルギー需要を満たすことに結びついています.
- T細胞機能における有酸素糖解の正確な役割と必要性は,特に酸素豊富な環境では,依然として不明確です.
研究 の 目的:
- T細胞の活性化,増殖,効果因子の機能における有酸素糖解の特定の役割を調査する.
- T細胞の生存と増殖に有酸素糖解が不可欠であるかどうかを判断する.
- T細胞エフェクター機能,例えばサイトカイン生成に影響を与える有酸素糖解の分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- グライコリシス阻害の有無,有無で活性化されたT細胞を使用した.
- 評価されたT細胞の増殖,生存,および効果因子機能,IFN-γ生産を含む.
- グリセラルデヒド-3-リン酸脱水素酵素 (GAPDH) がAU豊富な元素に結合する役割を調べることで,IFN-γ mRNAの翻訳調節を調査した.
主要な成果:
- エアロビック・グリコロシスは,T細胞のエフェクタ機能,特にIFN-γの生成に不可欠であるが,増殖や生存には欠かせない.
- 糖分解の抑制は,活性化されたT細胞がIFN-γを産生する能力を著しく損なう.
- グライコリシス酵素GAPDHは,IFN-γ mRNAの3' UTRと結合し,その翻訳を制御し,その結果,エフェクター・サイトカインの生成を制御する重要な調節因子として特定されました.
結論:
- エアロビック・グリコロシスはT細胞における重要なシグナル伝達機構として機能し,主に増殖ではなくエフェクター機能を調節する.
- 代謝酵素GAPDHは,IFN-γ mRNAの転写後の調節を通じて,T細胞エフェクターサイトカインの産生を制御する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- この研究は,T細胞活性化における有酸素糖解の役割を再定義し,細胞シグナル伝達と効果因子応答の代謝調節体としての機能を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
What is Glycolysis?
148.4K
Overview
Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
148.4K
Outcomes of Glycolysis
90.1K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
90.1K
Fates of Pyruvate
9.1K
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
9.1K
Carbohydrate Catabolism
1.6K
Carbohydrate catabolism is a fundamental process in cellular metabolism that enables energy extraction from glucose through two primary pathways: cellular respiration and fermentation. Both pathways begin with glycolysis, which operates independently of oxygen availability.Glycolysis: A Shared Starting PointGlycolysis is an oxygen-independent process that breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid. During this process, a net gain of two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules is...
1.6K
Glycolysis
2.1K
Glycolysis, the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, is a central metabolic pathway involved in glucose catabolism. It is highly conserved across most organisms, reflecting its fundamental role in cellular energy production. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and can function both in the presence and absence of oxygen, making it versatile for various organisms and environmental conditions.Stages of GlycolysisGlycolysis is a ten-step pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, generating a net gain of...
2.1K
Other Glycolytic Pathways
1.1K
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) operates in parallel with glycolysis, facilitating the metabolism of both pentoses and glucose. This pathway consists of two distinct phases: the oxidative and non-oxidative phases. While it does not directly generate ATP, the intermediates formed during the process can integrate into glycolysis, contributing to cellular energy metabolism when required.Oxidative Phase: NADPH ProductionThe oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway is primarily...
1.1K


