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関連する概念動画

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 10, 2026

Identification of Mouse and Human Antibody Repertoires by Next-Generation Sequencing
08:51

Identification of Mouse and Human Antibody Repertoires by Next-Generation Sequencing

Published on: March 15, 2019

抗体の多様性を再構築する.

Feng Wang1, Damian C Ekiert, Insha Ahmad

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Cell
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

牛は,超長いCDR H3ループを持つユニークな抗体を持ち,二硫化物結合のミニドメインを形成します. ソマティック・ハイパーミューテーションによって生み出されるこの構造的多様性は,牛の抗体レパートリーと抗原認識を強化する.

さらに関連する動画

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood
13:14

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood

Published on: February 6, 2018

Single-cell Screening Method for the Selection and Recovery of Antibodies with Desired Specificities from Enriched Human Memory B Cell Populations
09:07

Single-cell Screening Method for the Selection and Recovery of Antibodies with Desired Specificities from Enriched Human Memory B Cell Populations

Published on: August 22, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Identification of Mouse and Human Antibody Repertoires by Next-Generation Sequencing
08:51

Identification of Mouse and Human Antibody Repertoires by Next-Generation Sequencing

Published on: March 15, 2019

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood
13:14

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood

Published on: February 6, 2018

Single-cell Screening Method for the Selection and Recovery of Antibodies with Desired Specificities from Enriched Human Memory B Cell Populations
09:07

Single-cell Screening Method for the Selection and Recovery of Antibodies with Desired Specificities from Enriched Human Memory B Cell Populations

Published on: August 22, 2019

科学分野:

  • 免疫学 免疫学とは
  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

  • いくつかの種は,遺伝的多様性が限られているにもかかわらず,強い抗体反応を示します.
  • 牛 (Bos taurus) は,長いCDR H3ループと数少ないV領域で特徴づけられるユニークな抗体システムを持ち,未知の多様性生成メカニズムを持っています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 牛の抗体多様性の発生の背後にあるメカニズムを調査し,そのCDR H3ループのユニークな特徴に焦点を当てました.
  • 牛の抗体における超長CDRH3の構造的基礎と機能的影響を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • 牛の抗体レパートリーの深層配列化.
  • 牛の抗体の結晶構造の決定.
  • ソマティックハイパーミューテーションパターンとコドンバイアスの分析.

主要な成果:

  • 牛の抗体内の超長CDR H3ループには,多数のシステインが含まれているため,二硫化物結合ミニドメインの形成が示唆されています.
  • 結晶構造は,ベータ鎖の"茎"が多様な,二硫化物結合の"ノブ"ドメインをサポートするアーキテクチャを明らかにしました.
  • システインに偏った超長DHセグメントのソマティックハイパーミューテーションは,多様性の発生を促します.

結論:

  • 牛の免疫システムは,体的に生成された二酸化硫化物によってミニドメインに折り畳まれる超長CDR H3を通じて抗体の多様性を生み出します.
  • これらのユニークな抗体構造,特にノブドメインは,特定の抗原を認識するために誘発することができます.
  • 牛の抗体は,他の種と比較して,独特の構造的および多様性を生成するメカニズムを持っています.